When a load of bricks, dumped on a corner lot, can arrange themselves into a house; when a handful of springs and screws and wheels, emptied on a desk, can gather themselves into a watch, then and not until then will it seem sensible, to some of us at least, to believe that all these thousands or millions of worlds could have been created, balanced and set to revolving in their separate orbits — all without any directing intelligence at all. – Bruce Barton
What is the meaning of life, the universe and everything?
42, of course
Our universe is a magnificent being. It’s such an odd thing yet stunningly so. On one hand there are fiery heavenly bodies twinkling majestically in our night sky while on the other, there are oceans of invisible matter dancing elegantly. The universe is indeed one big machine. Processes occur continuously and everything appears to be in sync. It is true, we are truly made of stardust…we are the remnants of stars gone poof…of stars gone bang…of stars gone dead.
Yet it’s rather scary. We are a mere speck in this entire universe. The humans are generally a proud race…and maybe too proud. We are arrogant little things; some believing that we are the only life out there. I, for one, can’t fathom to begin that out of the billions, gazillions of astronomical objects out there that we are the only ones to be given the grace to form and develop.
Welcome to Part 3 of ‘The Weird and Wacky World of Physics.’ In this thread, I hope to delve into the universe itself and unravel just some of the mysteries it conceals. Once again, if there’s anything you believe is wrong…correct me at anytime…I think this is rather a boring one but I hope you enjoy it nevertheless…
The Inflationary Big Bang Theory
Tune your television to any channel it doesn’t receive and about 1 percent of the dancing static you see is accounted for by this ancient remnant of the Big Bang. The next time you complain that there is nothing on, remember that you can always watch the birth of the universe. – Bill Bryson
It all started with a Big Bang.
13.7 billion years ago, we believe that our own universe was created by this very event. BAM. It just…happened. But what caused this? Why did it bang? What banged? These questions could indeed be the ultimate ones. The B.B is indeed the ‘Holy Grail’ of Physics. It was the beginning of everything as we know it! The origin of space…the origin of time itself. The closer we get to the moment of the Big Bang, the more our equations collapse…..our equations become befuzzling to say the least.
Every Frenchman, fry, fruit…every cat, cart, corn,…every pickle, panda, parakeet…every…well you get the idea. These and all are made up from matter created in the first few seconds of the B.B. It is the defining event of our universe and everything in it. The more we learn about the Big Bang, the deeper the mystery becomes and it once again, brings up more questions such as the multiverse…but how can we focus on that, when unravelling and deciphering one is hard enough itself. All our matter, all of existence itself was compacted into a very small space…a millionth of a billionth of a centimetre across at the dawn of the universe.
Everything, we believe, was at a single point, a single speck. It was unimaginably hot, infinitely small and super dense full of energy. ..and then it expanded…it grew…and it evolved.
Quantum fluctuations created a singularity that was very hot and dense. Our universe at some point, scientists believe, stretched first from this singularity…and as it did this, it cooled.
Photons became quarks…giving rise to the quarks from our current Standard Model:
The quarks became neutrons and protons…which lead to atoms and those clumped together to make stars and galaxies.
It’s thought the universe grew by a factor of at least 10^78 in volume between about 10^-35 and 10^-32 seconds after the Big Bang. Why did this occur? There are some very interesting ideas which I hope to delve into. Inflationary Big Bang. The key is that it stretches space-time. This theory has evolved from the Big Bang and was developed by Alan Guth in 1981. Not at all that long ago. Why do we really like this theory? It provides the solution to two long standing problems with the standard B.B theory; the Horizon problem and the Flatness problem.
While there are many other theories such as God, strings and ‘The Steady State Theory,’ I aim to look at the most prevailing one of our time., a theory that has a slight twist compared to world known BBT. Here’s a very great introduction to summarise the points I hope to glaze over. It describes some of the evidence for the B.B, what actually occurred and the theory itself.
What Caused the Big Bang; Repulsive Gravity and the Inflaton Field? There is nothing certain in this world. – Benjamin Franklin
It’s one of the biggest questions to confront physics….what caused our universe to magically appear? Changing just one digit or tweaking just one law would mean our universe would be a strange and lethal place. Astronomical phenomena like ours would never exist, rather they would contort in a different environment to produce something much more mind-boggling. In this section, I hope to brush over what may have created our universe.
We all learned at primary school that gravity is an attractive force. It is not only the invisible hand which keeps our feet on the ground but it’s universal, providing us the entertainment of a beautiful dance; keeping the Earth in orbit around the Sun, that star orbiting around the centre of the Milky Way, the Milky orbiting around it’s centre of gravity and so on. Fact is, although gravity is familiar, it’s proved to be the most frustrating for physicists. They just can’t fit it in to their theories (except string theory…that’s why we’re in love with it :lol I mentioned general relativity in my previous thread which is really mostly to do with gravity. It’s not possible to merge quantum theories with general relativity leaving scientists still seeking their GUT. And it’s not just at the small scales gravity screws up. If you look at the grandest cosmic scales…something, again, is just not right with gravity!
The Inflationary Big Bang is an enchanced version of the original. We know that in the first few seconds, there was a rapid increase in space…it indeed did inflate. But what caused this?
It’s often said Einstein blinked…that he went back to his notebooks and tried to rectify his equations of general relativity to make them symbolise that universe that was not only uniform but unchanging. And of course, this was completely sensible at the time. Imagine you were a strong atheist, stubborn that your beliefs are correct. You’re delving into some mathematical equations that leave as a by-product that God exists; of course you don’t believe this can occur and quickly rectify your numbers to get rid of it. That’s what Einstein did, he added what we know to be the ‘cosmological constant.’ It’s one of the “products” that can be seen from G.R ; the amount of energy stitched into the fabric space. Being the curious man he is, he fiddled with it. When entering a positive number for this, Einstein found that the fabric that now contains positive energy would PUSH AWAY from each other, leaving us with…repulsive gravity.
Yes, you read correctly…repulsive gravity. How can that be? Well let’s take a look. Newton and Einstein both spent years trying to reveal the mysteries that gravity concealed and succeeded in many ways. Both developed theories yet there is one massive difference between them. Newton’s theory says that gravity arises solely from object’s mass. Bigger the mass/energy, greater the gravitational pull between 2 objects. However Einstein’s theory takes into account one more thing; the mass AND its pressure. Just like positive pressure leads to an attractive gravitational field, repulsive gravity can be caused by uniform negative pressure.
Uniform negative pressure? If I’m leaving some befuzzling faces, be not confuzzled! While positive pressure pushes outwards, negative pressure pulls inwards. Think of a vaccum cleaner. When you turn it on, an area of negative pressure is formed in the bag of it, which sucks air in as it tries to even out its internal pressure. Along with the air, the vacuum picks up particulate matter, leaving the floors cleaner. Another example can include the inward pull of an elastic band.The inflationary theory suggerstss a kind of repulsive gravity that’s astoundingly short and thunderingly intense. The repulsive gravity is indeed the answer to what caused that large expansion of space in a very short span of time. By answering what caused this inflation, we can also answer a couple of questions e.g. ‘Why does the universe look the same?’ which I’ll talk about further on.
Some genius’ showed that negative pressure emerges naturally from quantum fields. (Physicists don’t make up everything ). Fields are funny little things. You can’t see it’s there but you can see it’s effect. Think of a magnet. If you push 2 poles of 2 different magnets together, it will either push or pull due to it’s magnetic field. Just like flames generate heat, magnets generate a magnetic field. There are a whole variety of other fields such as the electric, strong and weak nuclear, electron, quark and neturino fields. We also believe there is a hypothetical field called the ‘Inflaton Field’ which is carried by inflatons. It’s credited to generate the universe and fuelling its inflation.
Fields carry energy. The larger the value of the field, the larger the energy it has. The field’s value is constant, taking the same value everywhere; therefore the same energy at each and every point even though the field’s value can vary place to place. One amazing guy, named Alan Guth, came up with an amazing insight.
He suggested that just a uniform inflaton field does not only have uniform energy but also uniform negative pressure. This was then developed by a few other guys to come to a refined model; where a burst of inflation can occur and then it being ‘switched off.’ It can all explained by my very poor drawing below (yes as you can see my drawing skills are very poor…thank you Paint for letting me use your understandable tools.)
When you lift an object it is said to have (gravitational) potential energy. The object wants any excuse to relase that energy and if you let go, it will form; converting it’s potential energy to kinetic energy. The energy carried away from a field’s nonzero values are also potentail energy. Below is my friend, Pogston. In the flatter regions, his potential energy doesn’t change very much…but those big slopes you see, if he walks up them…his potential energy would increase sharply. When Pogston rolls down the slope, as shown, inflation releases its potential energy to a lower value. Like so, when the inflation is on the flatter regions it fills space with large potential energy and negative pressure. The energy isn’t lost but it’s converted into a spray of particles; a uniform spread.
But there is a burning question, to me and to many others. The Goldilocks effect. The fine-tuning. Why is inflation, like so many other properties of the Universe ‘just right’ to allow our universe to exist?
The Flatness Problem
Although relativity theory thinks of space-time as being a curved surface, astronomers sometimes describe the universe as ‘flat.’ It’s one where the amount of matter present is just sufficient to halt it’s expansion but it’s insufficient to re-collapse it. This means that parallel light rays remain parallel no matter how far they travel in space, that light’s path across the universe is relatively unaffected, however it can bend itself around a massive body (as seen in general relativity.) To picture it:
The problem arises because we live in a universe that has an observed density parameter that is close to 1. It’s close to the “critical density.”If we go above this critical density, the universe will have enough energy to stop expanding and then contract. If it’s less dense, the gravitational attraction will not be enough to overcome the kinetic energy of the universe expanding. Thing is, the reason we are puzzled is that we’re close to the critical density. After nearly 14 billion years of evolution, it appears not to have shifted much. Surely with the greater mass in our universe (clumping of stars, galaxies), therefore the greater attraction we indeed should have a much higher density.
Seems like a pile of junk, doesn’t it?
Rather, this incredible engineering feat named WMAP (Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe
Below indicates CMB…a shaper view of the temperature differences. What you can see is that it looks oddly similar to the 1 degree one…hence indicating that our universe is indeed flat! Ground based and balloon-based experiments like MAT/TOCA, Boomerang, Maxima and DASI have shown that the brightest spots are about 1 degree across. Thus showing that the universe is indeed flat…and there’s only a margin of 2% error. Not much hope for those sphere loving kittycats.
The flatness problem is also resolved by the inflationary B.B theory because the act of inflation actually flattens the universe. Picture an uninflated balloon, which can have all kinds of wrinkles. As the balloon expands, though, the surface smoothes out. According to inflation theory, this happens to the fabric of the universe as well. NASA describes how the inflationary theory solves this problem; they described it better than I could:
Imagine living on the surface of a soccer ball (a 2-dimensional world). It might be obvious to you that this surface was curved and that you were living in a closed universe. However, if that ball expanded to the size of the Earth, it would appear flat to you, even though it is still a sphere on larger scales. Now imagine increasing the size of that ball to astronomical scales. To you, it would appear to be flat as far as you could see, even though it might have been very curved to start with. Inflation stretches any initial curvature of the 3-dimensional universe to near flatness.
But the universe presents to us another unusual coincidence.
The Horizon Problem
Imagine we somehow had a spaceship that was millions and billions of light years away from us and came across a habited planet that we’ve had no contact with. The inhabitants spoke the same language and had shops, activities exactly like us. Wouldn’t it be mind-boggling? I mean with no contact, how can they be EXACTLY the same? It’ll bring up a lot of questions and problems. That indeed is just how scientists are feeling. Our universe is the same. This indeed describes the Cosmological Principle, although it applies to large scale distances.
The cosmological principle is usually stated formally as ‘Viewed on a sufficiently large scale, the properties of the Universe are the same for all observers.’ This amounts to the strongly philosophical statement that the part of the Universe which we can see is a fair sample, and that the same physical laws apply throughout. In essence, this in a sense says that the Universe is knowable and is playing fair with scientists.
Our universe appears to be unfathomably uniform. Look across space from one edge of the visible universe to the other, and you’ll see that the microwave background radiation filling the cosmos is at the same temperature everywhere. That may not seem surprising until you consider that the two edges are nearly 28 billion light years apart and our universe is only 14 billion years old. Indeed, this can be termed as the Horizon Problem.
We haven’t and won’t ever contact parts of our universe because light from there has no time to travel to us. Nothing can travel faster than speed of light in a vacuum….no heat, no matter…nothing. That means there will always be some part of the universe untouched by us. In some cases, that’s a good thing. Look what condition we’ve left the Earth in…and the rubbish hauled into space around it. On the other hand…we’ll never know what does indeed occupy those regions.
So…how did 2 completely opposite ends that haven’t been touched turn out to be the same? E.g. the temperature everywhere that we’ve been able to observe is 2.725 K. When you look at 2 different patches of the CMB, their temperatures are the same to within 1 part in 10,000. Nothing can travel faster than the speed of light, so there is no way heat radiation could have travelled between the two horizons to even out the hot and cold spots created in the big bang and leave the thermal equilibrium we see now. According to the inflationary universe model before inflation occurred, the universe was smaller than the horizon distance…so any change was transmitted everywhere.
The Monopole Problem
The lack of symmetry between electric and magnetic fields is one of the oldest puzzles in physics. It’s possible to isolate positive and negative electric carge but not north and south magnetic poles. Paul Dirac first put forward the idea of magnetic monopole in 1931but all the searches so far have appeared to be fruitless.
The magnetic monopole is a HYPOTHETICAL particle that is a magnet with one magnetic pole and therefore will have a charge. These particles are predicted by theories that try to unify all the forces e.g. M theory. Fact is, these are rare so detecting one in a particle accelerator will be a miracle. The Big Bang should have created these. Inflation allows for magnetic monopoles to exist as long as they were produced prior to the period of inflation. During inflation, the density of monopoles drops exponentially, so their abundance drops to undetectable levels.
Is the Universe Infinite?
Before the 20th century, people used to believe that our universe had existed forever. Einstein’s G.R predicted the B.B singularity and the Big Crunch’s’. But the question is….does the universe have a beginning or an end? Is our universe closed or open? Again this can be explained apparently by The Flatness Problem.
There is one basic difference between the two is quite simple. Imagine a photon that follows a straight path. In a finite universe it may end up in the same spot as it started out but in an infinite one it will never be able to. In infinite universes, the main difference is the rate of expansion. In an open one…expansion will be forever and constant/accelerated. In the latter, it will be forever but at an asymptotically decelerating rate.
I personally believe that the Big Bang creates a closed universe in an infinite space…if that makes sense? Like bubbles in a never ending space. Here’s a great episode by Cosmic Journeys which brings up a lot of questions. It’s a very informative, and hopefully you’ll enjoy it as much as I did.
The Darkness Is Here… The universe is made mostly of dark matter and dark energy, and we don’t know what either of them is – Sarah Perlmutter
It is not only disturbing but also embarrassing that we, as scientists, have only seen a minute amount of our universe and most of it we are still unable to decipher its contents. To learn the fact that there is something surrounding us, which we are unaware of is rather scary. Fact is, science can only explain a mere 5% of the universe we abide in…and even that we don’t completely understand! According to modern physics, the empty space that we believe to be “empty” is not. The Red Shift Effect (when a source of light moves away from us, we see an increase in the wavelengths causing a shift to the red end of the spectrum.) has showed us that the universe is EXPANDING! When we found the evidence to that theory, it posed new questions, significantly:
What the hell is causing this?
Let There Be Dark Matter
Take our best understanding of gravity, apply it to the way galaxies spin and you’ll see the problem: the galaxies should be falling apart. Galactic matter orbits around a central point because its mutual gravitational attraction creates centripetal forces. But there is not enough mass in the galaxies to produce the observed spin, spotted this anomaly in the late 1970s. It’s not every day that a woman’s name comes up in this subject but I’m glad it has. Vera Rubin.
Rubin and Ford (an astronomer who developed a spectrometer to measure the red shift) found when making Doppler observations of the orbital speeds of galaxies, something out of the blue. The stars from the centre of the galaxies were moving just as fast as those closer in. Now, I remember learning that as the further the distance away, the smaller the gravitational pull on the object and therefore it would move slower. So this find was completely unexpected. And this just wasn’t in 1 or 2…this was in 60 spiral galaxies, therefore their results were quite accurate! This was the proof to Zwicky’s theory. In 1933, Fritz Zwicky analysed these velocities within the Coma cluster. He found that the galaxies moving within the cluster were moving so fast that if the cluster was only held together by gravity of its visible mass, it would escape. But, there was no indication of it flying apart…and therefore this caused Rubin to understand what she found was actual evidence for Zwicky’s dark matter.
No one knows exactly what dark matter is. Dark matter doesn’t appear to be interacting with EM radiation and therefore as Maxwell’s 4 famous equations describe how moving charges can create electromagnetic radiation (charge produces light), dark matter doesn’t abide. We can’t see it, only detect its gravitational pull on normal matter which it outweighs 5:1. That is 5 times the amount we can see…and I still can’t take in all I’m able to view. To think that there is 5 times the amount is completely stunning! Below is the first images of dark matter being mapped 3D:
Two kinds of hypothetical particles pop out of theories describing the nature of dark matter;WIMPs(Weakly Interacting Massive Particles.) and axions. WIMPs, like the name states, they interact only weakly with normal matter yet they are big and heavy. There indeed has be evidence: COGENT Experiment and the DAMA Experiment. We, however see different results…this may be because of our assumption that WIMPS interact with neutrons and protons in the same way is not true. Small tweaks into theories can indeed correct these and bring everything into line.
380,000 years after the Big Bang, the temperature of the universe dropped below 3000K, allowing atoms to form. This caused a huge amount of energy to be released in the form of light and the expansion of the universe stretched this light to microwave wavelengths. This radiation fills all of space and has proved to be awfully helpful to us.
This Cosmic Background Radiation (CMB) tells us how matter was distributed throughout space in the youthful stages of the universe due to the variations of hot and cold patches. Dark matter began clumping together due to gravity earlier than matter did and therefore it can be seen in some of these patches; at an angle of 0.25 degrees in the sky. CMB also allows us to determine how much dark matter must be present. What’s remarkable is that for every gram that we can see in the universe, there has to be 5 grams of those what we can’t see. Moreover, this doesn’t include dark energy.
Dark Energy Every now and again cosmologists decide that the universe needs redecorating. Sometimes they declutter, as when Copernicus and Kepler shuffled the sun and the Earth to get rid of all those epicycles and make the planets move in straightforward orbits. Sometimes they embellish, as when Einstein decided that there’s more to space than good old-fashioned nothingness, and introduced the concept of a deformable space-time – Stuart Clark
Not only did the CMB indicate dark matter but also dark energy (and BOOMERANG was part of finding it). It’s left a shadow, an imprint onto microwaves and changes the temperature of the CMB due to effects on gravity on the energy of photons. In 1998, astronomers discovered that the universe is expanding at ever faster speeds. It’s an effect still searching for a cause – until then, everyone thought the universe’s expansion was slowing down after the big bang. One suggestion is that some property of empty space is responsible – cosmologists call it dark energy. When we talk about dark matter, we are in danger of imagining it to be like ordinary matter. In fact, dark matter’s invisibility tells us that is has another remarkable attribute. It is not made up of charged particles unlike normal matter.
It is one of the biggest conundrums in science. Dark energy, where gravity is repulsive rather than attractive and we can bring back Einstein’s cosmological constant. Theoretical physicists are having trouble to fit it into their existing theories. How space and time looks depends on dark energy; it’s so pivotal. Below are 4 ways we could expand the universe:
When physicists don’t understand something, they invent a new field to explain it. That trait seems to have also affected astronomers. In the case of the dark energy mystery, the result is a quantum field called quintessence. It’s said to saturate the universe but one of the key differences between this and the cosmological constant is that it depends on time and the place. There are loads of different versions. One version, called phantom energy, builds with time…causing expansion to go faster and faster until the eventually the universe rips to pieces. But there are many problems, one being the fact that no quintessence force has shown itself and no particles appear as fluctuations of the field (no gauge boson.)
Another way we could try to combine dark energy is by modifying an old force; gravity. One such example is by a guy called Gia Dvali. He has developed a modified theory of gravity in which space-time is not as formless as we believe. In his theory, he suggests that it has a limiting underlying shape that makes it look like as if energy is warping it. Of course, this warping actually occurs due to gravitons (the gauge bosons, “force carriers”) which are hypothetical. This modification would also explain the acceleration of the universe’s expansion.
Lastly, I want to mention one so ingrained into cosmology that scientists have forgotten it’s there. The Cosmologic Principle….that the universe has no preferred places or directions. But that is just an assumption introduced by Friedman in the 1920s…yet it might be time to ditch it. If the universe is no longer the same everywhere, effects of general relativity that are negligible in a uniform cosmos would probably become much more important. Physicists for decades are trying to meld together general relativity with quantum mechanics…and if we can, we’re on our way to the GUT.
The Holographic Principle
I’d like to bring a very slight touch of this principle into this thread for it appears to have made quite an impact onto the physics society.
The holographic principle is a mathematical principle that the total information contained in a volume of space corresponds to an equal amount of information contained on the boundary of that space. This dependence of information on surface area, rather than volume, is one of the key principles of black hole thermodynamics.
The universe can be thought of as an information processer. It produces information, dependent on how things are now. Everything seems to emerge from information…arising from this fundamental ingredient and evolving to the fundamental rules of physics. Information is vital to everything we do and it seems that the concept of it will be dominating our race for the next few decades, if not centuries. Below is a video which will literally tell you all you need to know about it. It’s better than anything I can write!
The main basis of this principle is that all information contained in some region of space can be represented as a ‘hologram’ – a theory which `lives’ on the boundary of that region. For example, let’s imagine the region of space is a room. The H.P means that all the information that the assets that all of the physics which takes place in the room can be represented by a theory which is defined on the walls of the room. Now applying this to an astronomical object:
For a black hole, the principle states that all the information that will ever fall into it, is contained in surface fluctuations of the event horizon. However, Hawking showed that black holes are in fact not ‘black’ but emit radiation; causing them to evaporate and eventually disappear. When it has gone, all the information about the star that collapsed to form it has been destroyed. If any of you took Physics to GCSE standard, you’d learn the ‘Conservation of Energy Principle’: Energy cannot be created or destroyed.The Holographic Principle helps to resolve the black hole information paradox within string theory.
And this is just not a random theory that people are working on. There’s a lot of evidence coming in. In the corner of a field stands an assortment of boxy temporary buildings covered with corrugated iron. Underneath the metal sheets, however lies something much more interesting….a detector that stretches for 600 metres. This German set-up has been looking for gravitational waves; ripples in space-time thrown by dense objects e.g. neutron stars, black holes. The GEO600 detector hasn’t detected any of these waves so far but has made another discovery; ‘noise’ that is plaguing their detector. According to some physics, GEO600 has stumbled upon the fundamental limit of space-time…quantum convulsions; where space-time stops acting smooth and crumbles into ‘grains’ like zooming in to an image to see the dots. There is no actual evidence that this noise can somehow prove the holographic principle yet modifications are now occurring to further finetune the detector, make it more sensitive.
The concept of holography has lured philosophers of science for decades, and is becoming more and more popular lately. This paper claims that the fuzziness in quantum mechanics, in statistical physics and thermodynamics is due to the fact that we do not see the real image of the object, but a holographic projection of it. They found that the projection of a point particle is a de Broglie-type wave. This indicates that holography could be the origin of the wave nature of a particle. Furthermore, they have also noticed that one cannot stabilize the noise in terms of the integration grid-points of the hologram; it means that one needs to give the grid-points a physical significance. They further claim that the space is quantized, which supports the basic assumption of quantum gravity.
Remember my friends, that we are indeed a small speck of dust in this entire universe…forget about these meaningless things like war and hatred…and truly embrace what we have. Because I tell you what, we all should be honoured we can experience such beauty like this and rather than destroy it, sustain it.
History is most often written with an agenda. Early indologists wished to control and convert the followers of Vedic cultures, therefore spreading the word that the Vedas were simply mythology. Let’s take Max Muller for example. He initially wrote that the ‘Vedas were worse than savage’ and that India must be conquered again by education. He went on to say that the religion there is doomed although later on glorified the Vedas.
It was these Indologists that devised the Aryan Invasion Theory who many believe intentionally misinterpreted the Sanskrit language to make the Vedas look primitive. It is no secret that the British who invaded India, tried to make India feel ashamed of their own culture, thus indicating that perhaps these men were motivated by a racial bias. Nowadays, the Aryan Invasion Theory is under scrutiny. Did it actually occur? Nope. No evidence that it actually did occur. The Vedic culture is thought to have derived from foreign soil according to the Aryan invasion yet there are NO FINDINGS that can be associated with Aryan people coming to India.
Nowhere in the Vedas is there a single mention of an Aryan homeland outside of India, yet the Saraswati River where two thirds of the 2,500 Indus sites were found, was. Now the Aryans are thought to have arrived AFTER the Saraswati River dried up. Why would a desolated river be mentioned over 50 times in the Rig Veda if there was no use for the river? Why would the Aryans even write about it? The way the Saraswati River is described in the Vedas indicate that it was written pre-Aryan.
There is no genetic, cultural, archaeological substantial evidence proving that there was an invasion. It is all just theory and yet it’s still being taught as a fact today in textbooks, in schools.
ax Muller is the main guy who actually proposed the Aryan Invasion. Now…anyone seeing what I’m seeing? Is anyone already seeing the manipulation I’m seeing? This guy believed in the Biblical chronology. He placed the world at 400BC and the flood approximately 2500BC and therefore randomly suggested that the Aryans came to India around 1500BC. However he later goes on to contradict himself. He admitted the purely speculative nature of the Vedic chronology yet it appears all of mankind have seemed to turn a blind eye to that.
Now let us examine the facts about the so-called evidences in support of AIT:
1. Real Meaning of the Word ‘ARYA’ In 1853, Max Muller introduced the word ‘Arya’ into the English and European usage as applying to a racial and linguistic group when propounding the Aryan Racial theory. However, in 1888, he himself refuted his own theory and wrote:
I have declared again and again that if I say Aryas, I mean neither blood nor bones, nor hair, nor skull; I mean simply those who speak an Aryan language…to me an ethnologist who speaks of Aryan race, Aryan blood, Aryan eyes and hair, is as great a sinner as a linguist who speaks of a dolichocephalic dictionary or a brachycephalic grammar. (Max Muller, Biographies of Words and the Home of the Aryas, 1888, pg 120) In Vedic Literature, the word Arya is nowhere defined in connection with either race or language. Instead it refers to: gentleman, good-natured, righteous person, noble-man, and is often used like ‘Sir’ or ‘Shree’ before the name of a person like Aryaputra, Aryakanya, etc.
Actually there is evidence that the scriptures are indigenous to the Indians that occupied the country. For example the linguistic characteristic between the Indus civilisation and Vedic is so similar. Om symbols can be found, the swastika and many more. Harappan seals have been deciphered consistently Vedic. Pottery found has written ‘the sacred land which is bounded by the Saraswati River.’ Again, that river is mentioned in the Vedas. Even the practices of some gods from the Indus civilisation were found in the Vedas as well.
Even the word ‘Aryan’ which means ‘master race’ seems rather big headed. It shows me an image of people who believe that they are right. Why would the Aryans who invaded write in a different language that is not their own? And in Sanskrit…a very difficult language? They wouldn’t. A proud race like them would have not bothered trying to learn the new culture or language and tried to rein everything with their own. We should be seeing a different culture that the Aryans would have brought with them.
So all in all, here are some major flaws which I mentioned above clearly shown:
1.There is no mention of a region outside of India. If indeed the Aryans had taken over, they would have at least spoken about their “mighty victory” of capturing the land of India. If Hindu-Aryans were outsiders, why are all the holy places found in India?
2. Why talk about the Saraswati river more than 50 times when it dried up by the time of the so called invasion? It had no use. Why praise it?
3. If the Aryans invaded the towns of the Harappa valley and killed the citizens…why did they not take over the towns and live there themselves?
4. There is no genetic, cultural, archaeological substantial evidence proving that there was an invasion. It is all just theory and yet it’s still being taught as a fact today in textbooks, in schools.
5. Max Muller created the Aryan Invasion Theory and later on admitted its speculative nature.
Dwarka
There is actually substanstial evidence that the Mahabharata war actually occurred, such as in Kurukshetra, the scene of the Mahabharata war, iron arrows and spearheads have been excavated and dated by thermoluminence to 2,800 B.C.E., the approximate date of the war given within the Mahabharata itself. And below I’d like to talk about another one.
Dwarka, known as Dvaraka, is one of the cities that are mentioned in the Mahabharata. It was a port city having a lot of trade relations. More famously it is known famously it is referred to the capital of Krishna Bagwaan’s capital, which arose from the ocean at his commend and returned when Krishna Bagwaan no longer walked the earth. The most expensive materials were used for construction, commonly gold, precious stone sand silver. This is all learnt from the Mahabharata and we also learn:
The sea, which had been beating against the shores, suddenly broke the boundary that was imposed on it by nature. The sea rushed into the city. It coursed through the streets of the beautiful city. The sea covered up everything in the city. I saw the beautiful buildings becoming submerged one by one. In a matter of a few moments it was all over. The sea had now become as placid as a lake. There was no trace of the city. Dwaraka was just a name; just a memory. – Arjuna, Mahabharata
One of the main objects that actually further proved that this city was Dwarka was a seal of a three headed animal. In the Vedas, it describes that this seal was given to the citizens as an identity of proof when the city was being threaded by King Jarasandha. This seal was also found in the ruins under the ocean.
Interesting video to watch:
Not only does Dwarka collaborate by the words written in the scriptures but the 3 cities that the Pandavas had at the end of the Mahabharata shows cultural consistency with the events and even images such as on pottery painted of the win. Talking about cities. Let me briefly mention Hastinapur. In the Vayu Puranas and Matsya, a great flood occurred which destroyed the capital city of Hastinapur. This made the inhabitants move to Kausambi where archaeological evidence actually has been found and dated back to just after the flood. The soil of Hastinapur also shows proof for the flooding.
Advanced Technology: Nuclear Wars
What’s rather odd is that within the ancient scriptures there are continuous mentions of advanced technology from mechanical flying machines to weapons that seem like our own. Think about it carefully. People from thousands and thousands of years ago could think of weapons that we have created, think of disasters that have already occurred yet described in detail and people thousands of years ago, who we believe lived primitively had the ability to think of it? That’s just incredible. The writings so clearly compare to e.g. nuclear wars that we have to question how they could think that with such remarkable detail and even question if they indeed had the technology for that….If they did, that would mean a big, big change in all of our thinking today.
A wise man once stated:
I know not with what weapons World War III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones.
What Einstein said was magnificent., yet give it a moment….what if he was only relating the past? What if humans had to start again, had to fight again with sticks and stones?
The human race appears to be very arrogant. We consider ourselves as the most superior in all of history and out of all species. Well, I don’t think so. The destruction that we cause is fuelled by our greed and hunger for power. And apparently to people, that seems to be a perfectly sound reason. Yet let us go way way back. I actually believe there was advanced technology in many cultures. If we try to go back in history, we’d just come to a massive gap where we know nothing. Let’s look at some ancient technology that appeared in the Hindu scriptures.
Mahabharata:
The Mahabharata is rather strange. As shown above, there is actually loads of evidence that the Vedas are true. In this beautiful literature depicting a war, we see many mentions of effects of what we call ‘nuclear weapons.’
Here’s one passage:
“Gurkha, flying a swift and powerful vimana [fast aircraft],
hurled a single projectile [rocket]
charged with the power of the Universe [nuclear device].
An incandescent column of smoke and flame,
as bright as ten thousand suns,
rose with all its splendour.
It was an unknown weapon,
an iron thunderbolt,
a gigantic messenger of death,
which reduced to ashes
the entire race of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas.
The corpses were so burned
as to be unrecognizable.
Hair and nails fell out;
Pottery broke without apparent cause,
and the birds turned white.
…After a few hours
all foodstuffs were infected…
…to escape from this fire
the soldiers threw themselves in streams
to wash themselves and their equipment.”
Reading through it, a lot of what is written does appear familiar. Indeed, when a nuclear blast occurs we see a lengthy column that is emitting light and smoke. Our food becomes contaminated and deadly to eat…hair falls out….corpses are burned. These are all sure signs of a nuclear blast. However, most people die from the effects of the nuclear blasts, the radiation and this passage probably describes the actual blast itself.
A historian:
The passage tells of combat where explosions of final weapons decimate entire armies, causing crowds of warriors with steeds and elephants and weapons to be carried away as if they were dry leaves of trees. Instead of mushroom clouds, the writer describes a perpendicular explosion with its billowing smoke clouds as consecutive openings of giant parasols. There are comments about the contamination of food and people’s hair falling out. – Kisari Mohun Ganguli (historian)
Francis Taylor, an archaeologist, said that etchings in nearby temples, which he translated, suggest that they prayed to be spared from the great light that was coming to lay ruin to the city. “It’s so mid-boggling to imagine that some civilization had nuclear technology before we did. The radioactive ash adds credibility to the ancient Indian records that describe atomic warfare.”
Here’s another passage:
“Dense arrows of flame,
like a great shower,
issued forth upon creation,
encompassing the enemy.
A thick gloom swiftly settled upon the Pandava hosts.
All points of the compass were lost in darkness.
Fierce wind began to blow
Clouds roared upward,
showering dust and gravel.
Birds croaked madly…
the very elements seemed disturbed.
The sun seemed to waver in the heavens
The earth shook,
scorched by the terrible violent heat of this weapon.
Elephants burst into flame
and ran to and fro in a frenzy…
over a vast area,
other animals crumpled to the ground and died.
From all points of the compass
the arrows of flame rained continuously and fiercely.”
And this one is from the Ramanya:
”(It was a weapon) so powerful
that it could destroy the earth in an instant–
A great soaring sound in smoke and flames–
And on it sits death…” . — The Ramayana
It has a resemblance to deaths by radiation poisoning and the blast itself.
A Town near Mohenjo-Daro
There’s a lot of discussion from what I’ve seen on ATS and outside about this topic on mysterious weapons found once again in the Mahabharata. Many people believe it’s myths but there’s an uncanny resemblance once again to what is written in the Vedas. The effects described seem to be identical to what they actually are.
Near Mohenjo-Daro, excavations were carried out in the early 1900s which led to a large town being discovered. Rather than what it held, scientists are more intrigued by its death. There is no evidence of a flood; there weren’t many skeletons nor remnants of weapons nor anything else that showed there was a war or a natural disaster. From the scientific analysis, the catastrophe had occurred very quickly and unexpectedly. So what actually caused this?
Davneport and Vincenti are 2 scientists who put forward a theory…that there was a nuclear blast. What they found was stratums of green glass and clay which causes archaeologists to believe that there were high temperatures that melted the clay and sand and immediately hardened afterwards. These stratums of green glass can be found in Nevada desert AFTER EVERY nuclear explosion. Researchers believe that the temperature was over 1,500 degrees centigrade to melt this. If we look at the walls and foundations of the city, there are literally vitrified; fused together.
There also appeared to be some kind of “epicentre.” Destruction appears to have lessened towards the outskirts. Loads of skeletons were found in the area of Mohenjo-Daro which were 50 times more radioactive than normal which were found by a Soviet scholar. What’s unsettling is that many of these skeletons were found all over the place, holding hands and sprawled in the streets. The skeletons are thousands of years old and there appears to be no cause of physically violent death. They have been dated back to 2500 BC but please remember when atomic explosions are involved; it makes it seem much younger. Carbon-dating meaurs the amount of radiation left which for this type is rather unreliable. Furthermore, why didn’t they get eaten by wild animals? And why didn’t it decay?
Rajasthan: Radioactive Ash
If we look at some other cities nearby, in Northern India, many show evidence for explosions of a massive magnitude. In one city between the Ganga and the Rajmahal mountains, we can find it’s been subjected to intense heat.
Yet let us go to Rajasthan. This one particularly caught my eye. A heavy layer of ash covers a 3 square mile area. This is around 10 miles west of Jodhpur. The levels of radiation are so high that the government has now made that region off limits. Scientists have also found a high rate of birth defects and cancer where a housing development was built. Scientists then apparently unearthed an ancient city where they found evidence of an atomic blast dating back thousands of years: from 8,000 to 12,000 years. Most of the buildings were destroyed and apparently ½ a million people.
Could this possibly be another piece of evidence that the Mahabharata’s events occurred?
Another video to watch:
Advanced Technology: UFOs
Clearly the ancient story of mankind is far more exciting than anything we are taught in school today. Various threads, evidence, show the lies, the misconceptions that children are fed and manipulated to believe causing many humans to share the narrow and rigid mind many have. Be open to all the prospects; don’t believe that this can’t occur because you think it can’t. There’s no evidence neither proving nor disproving it. I hear numerous times that ‘people couldn’t do this or that because they just couldn’t be clever enough in the past.’ What’s more, it’s easy to wipe out civilisations as we’ve seen in history…what’s stopping an event that destroys any signs of intelligence?
Vimanas
Vimanas are thought to be like UFOs. There are, once again, many mentions of flying aircrafts in the Mahabharata during the battle. In the Mahabharata, there is an enormous poem where we learn that a guy called Asura Maya had a Vimana, that has 4 wheels and measures 12 cubits in circumference and the Ramayana describes a Vimana as a double-deck, circular aircraft with portholes and a dome. Furthermore it’s thought that the Vimanas were able to be made invisible in some way. When Krishna Bagwaan was pursuing Salva, his Vimana was made invisible in some way. However, Krishna Bagwaan, it is said, fired off a special weapon, that ‘quickly laid an arrow, which killed by seeking out sound.’
The Puspaka car that resembles the Sun and belongs to my brother was brought by the powerful Ravan; that aerial and excellent car going everywhere at will…. that car resembling a bright cloud in the sky”… and the King [Rama] got in, and the excellent car at the command of the Raghira, rose up into the higher atmosphere.” – Ramayana
In the Samarangana Sutradhara, it’s written:
Strong and durable must the body of the Vimana be made, like a great flying bird of light material. Inside one must put the mercury engine with its iron heating apparatus underneath. By means of the power latent in the mercury which sets the driving whirlwind in motion, a man sitting inside may travel a great distance in the sky. The movements of the Vimana are such that it can vertically ascend, vertically descend, move slanting forwards and backwards. With the help of the machines human beings can fly in the air and heavenly beings can come down to earth. The Hakatha (Laws of the Babylonians) states quite unambiguously: The privilege of operating a flying machine is great. The knowledge of flight is among the most ancient of our inheritances. A gift from ‘those from upon high’. We received it from them as a means of saving many lives.
How to engineer this though?
Imagine a mechanical study on Apollo’s Sun Chariot. Well this is what one of the Kings who reigned from 1000-1055AD who went by the name of King Bhoja of Dhar did. One of his most famous works is an encyclopaedia on Indian architecture the Samarangana Sutradhara as I mentioned above. This man went on to talk about the Vimanas, much more than any other Vedic texts. He portrays them as practical machines and nothing “celestial” about them. He wrote about them having a ‘mercury engine,’ possibly it having an internal iron heating apparatus. What’s rather strange is that the man wrote:
“manufacturing details of the vimanas are withheld for the sake of secrecy, not out of ignorance.”
Subbaraya Shastry
In 1918, a guy named Subbaraya Shastry fell into a trance where he recited ancient Sanskrit verses. He then went to speak of the Vimanas. Rather than stories about the gods, he spoke scientifically about them and apparently they were written already by an ancient guy called Bharadvaja. 35 years on, this text was found and translated into Hindi and published by G.R. Joyser.
It is called the ‘Vaimanika Shastra.’ This one goes into a lot of detail compared to the Vedic texts and Bhoja. It has 8 titles, a few being:
Chapter 1 – The secret of constructing airplanes which will not break, which cannot be cut, will not catch fire and cannot be destroyed
Chapter 3 – The secret of making planes invisible
Chapter 8 – The secrets of destroying enemy planes
Particularly interesting is a discussion of how flying has changed over time: in the earliest Yuga (epoch), the text claims that people could fly without the use of vimanas. In other words, Indians invented ancient flying machines only after they lost the ability to fly on their own. The text goes on to describe a number of specific vimana models (complete with fine drawings by a local engineer), serving various purposes; some are built to carry hundreds of passengers or large loads of ammunition, others have the capacity to transform into boats or submarines.
Finally, the text cites 32 “secrets” related to construction and operation of vimanas. These include anti-gravity, radar, invisibility, the use of heat-absorbent metal alloys, solar energy, protective force-fields, and mirrors and lenses crafted for purposes of attack and defense. Also included are concoctions of animal urine as a source of power as well as a weapon called a ‘marika,’ which resembles modern laser technology.Proponents of ancient technology theories, for whom the apparently thousands-of-years-old Vaimanika Shastra is a touchstone, point out that the manuscript references “the work of no less than 70 authorities and 10 experts of air travel in antiquity.”
When the Vaimanika Shastra was brought before the Indian Institute of Science, the scientists scoffed. As thoroughly as it had been written, the committee just as thoroughly dismantled the study in an essay called A Critical Study of the Work Vymanika Shastra. They questioned whether the author (whoever that may have been) had any grasp of basic physics, chemistry and electricity, not to mention the “disciplines of aeronautics: aerodynamics, aeronautical structures, propulsive devices, materials, and metallurgy.” Their conclusion: “None of the planes has properties or capabilities of being flown; the geometries are unimaginably horrendous from the point of view of flying; and the principles of propulsion make them resist rather than assist flying.”
Okay, let’s suppose there was NO WAY IN HELL trying to fly them….think more about what was written thousands of years ago…radar technology, anti-gravity, invisibility? Some of this stuff we’re still experimenting on. Even for them to have the concepts about these would in my opinion, make them definitely advanced. Much more advanced than we believe them to be.
Why did the Indian Institute of Science went to great lengths to dismiss the Vaimanika Shastra? Why does the Vimanas repeatedly mentioned throughout history? Moreover, what inspired the writers to believe in and continuously write about these aircrafts?
Birds?
Yet we talk about the Vimanas, but apparently theorists claim there to be a previous type of Vimanas. In the Rig Veda, it’s described as ‘golden coloured…birds’ that fly ‘up to the heavens.’ They also appear to be structural:
Another translation adds “pivots and instruments” to the description. Advocates of ancient technology theories call them the “mechanical birds.”
In the Ramayana (ca. 4th century BC), the Hindu epic poem recounting how Lord Rama rescues his wife Sita from the evil god Ravana, vimana experts cite the flying chariot called the Pushpaka vimana:
Self-propelled was that car. It was large and finely painted. It had two stories and many chambers with windows… It gave forth a melodious sound as it coursed along its airy way.
Later, the Pushpaka vimana is described as an “aerial and excellent chariot going everywhere at will…[rising] up into the higher atmosphere.”
Furthermore, Arjuna describes:
“celestial cars by thousands stationed in their respective places and capable of going everywhere at will, and he saw tens of thousands of such cars moving in every direction.”
And it goes on about an iron city in space.
In another Indian source, the Samar, the Vimanas were
“iron machines, well-knit and smooth, with a charge of mercury that shot out of the back in the form of a roaring flame.
Yet it doesn’t even stop there. There’s information in the Chaldean work, ‘The Sifrala’ which contains over a hundred pages on details on building the flying machine. It contains words that mean in English; graphite rods, copper coils, crystal indicator, vibrating spheres, stable angles. Going on, we can also find batteries in ancient scriptures written:
In another amazing Indian text the Agastrya Samhita gives the precise directions for constructing electrical batteries:
“Place a well-cleaned copper plate in an earthenware vessel.
Cover it first by copper sulfate and then moist sawdust.
After that put a mercury-amalgamated-zinc sheet on top of
an energy known by the twin name of Mitra-Varuna. Water will
be split by this current into Pranavayu and Udanavayu. A
chain of one hundred jars is said to give a very active
and effective force.”
ÄÄ Agastya Samhita
(Indian Princes’ Library)
By the way, MITRA-VARUNA is now called cathode-anode, and Pranavayu
and Udanavayu are to us oxygen and hydrogen. This document again
demonstrates the presence of electricity in the East, long, long
ago.
Alexander the Great
Now we come onto the theories. I found this from an article, that I thought I’d briefly mention since it caught my eye:
It is interesting to note that when Alexander the Great invaded India more than two thousand years ago, his historians chronicled that at one point they were attacked by “flying,fiery shields” that dove at his army and frightened the cavalry. These “flying saucers” did not use any atomic bombs or beam weapons on Alexander’s army however, perhaps out of benevolence, and Alexander went on to conquer India.
Apparently (and it’s a big apparently since I can’t find any evidence for this) the Soviet scientists have also found ‘age-old instruments used in navigating cosmic vehicles’ in the caves in the Gobi desert and Turkestan. They have a drop of mercury inside and are hemispherical. Could it be a Vimana?
Of course I don’t know how credible this is but if indeed this is true…more evidence to add to quite a substantial pile already.
Advanced Tech: Other
And no, it just doesn’t stop there with the “weapons” and technology. There’s loads mentioned in the books. What’s more, it’s not just one that has similarities with ours but there’s so many. Let’s look at the some of the Astras; weapons:
These weapons are said to only be able to be used by the Gods. They use the elements to their strength. Out of all these, the Brahmastra is the most powerful weapon. It can only be used for one person but it’s absolutely lethal. The first passage that I mentioned in the nuclear war section is thought to be the effects of this use. It contained the power of the universe and the passage describes nuclear radiation effects….this then could have probably been the nuclear weapon.
Another weapon that seems similar to what we have today is the missile. In the Mahabharata, we learn that Salva who was flying in an invisible Vimana was attacked by a special fire weapon that seeked sound and downed the Vimana and killed Salva.
Then you can find “mirrors” that are used to amplifiy light, deflect, reflect etc light. Reminds me of laser beams and holograms. Most of the information on this bit is from this blog which I believe this is the source:
which is probably worth then reading.
The 5 main Darpana Yantras are: 1) Vishwa kriyaa darpana: This device is used to obtain high resoluton real-time imagery of all activites around the Vimana, while in flight, and projected onto some screen. These lens are placed in a special arrangement with crystals, special mirrors and through a combination of solar, electric and mercury power are projected through some mechanism.
2) Shaktyakarshana darpana: This device is used as a protection to neutralize harmful radiation in certain atmospheric zones. It is made up of 6 crystals positioned in a special arrangement that attract the harmful radiation and then gradually covert it to heat before it dissipates into the atmosphere.
3) Vyroopya darpana: This is tactical device used to project battle field holographic images to confuse the enemy or to change the appearance of the Vimanas with a special deflecting mirror.
4) Guha garbha darpana: This is a weapon device and used to harness the energy from the sun, winds, and ether and to redirect it to incapaciate the enemy via a special redirecting mirror; essentially a directed energy weapon.
5) Rowdree Darpana: This is also some kind of directed energy weapon device. It combined Rodwdree beams(?) with solar rays and produces a high heat intensity ray that can melt anything it is directed on.
Other Yantras in the Vimana:
Guhagarbha Aadarsha Yantra: Used to locate mines or hidden explosives through air-reconnaissance. Through a sequence of mirrors and image reflecters an image of the ground below is obtained, which is then processed through a special crystal Chumbakamani, and then electricity and light rays are passed through it and then directed on a downwards mirror, that scans the ground.
Tamogarbh Yantra: Used to create some form of invisibility. The device works with revolving two faced mirrors collecting solar rays, activation of acid in the vessel on the opposite side, of mirrors, allowing solar ray to enter the crystal in an acid vessel. By turning a separate wheel in the west, darkness-intensifying mirror begin to function. By operation of a central wheel the rays attracted by the mirror will reach the crystal and envelop it. By operating the main wheel at high speed, darkness will envelop the entire vimana making it invisible.
Shabdhakarshaka yantra: Used in listening to sound waves in a range of 27 miles. It works on some kind of rotary component sensitive to sound.
Going on according to the source, it states that China found a few years ago documents in Sanskrit which they sent back to India to be translated. They spoke off directions for building interstellar spaceships.
Their method of propulsion, she said, was “anti-gravitational” and was based upon a system analogous to that of “laghima,” the unknown power of the ego existing in man’s physiological makeup, “a centrifugal force strong enough to counteract all gravitational pull.” According to Hindu Yogis, it is this “laghima” which enables a person to levitate.
Dr. Reyna said that on board these machines, which were called “Astras” by the text, the ancient Indians could have sent a detachment of men onto any planet, according to the document, which is thought to be thousands of years old. The manuscripts were also said to reveal the secret of “antima”; “the cap of invisibility” and “garima”; “how to become as heavy as a mountain of lead.”
Naturally, Indian scientists did not take the texts very seriously, but then became more positive about the value of them when the Chinese announced that they were including certain parts of the data for study in their space program! This was one of the first instances of a government admitting to be researching anti-gravity.
So what I got really out of that is…the Chinese are researching anti-gravity because of Vedic scriptures?
It doesn’t really talk about any interstellar travelling however in the Ramayana there’s a detailed trip to the moon and details of a battle with another airship.
This is just a small amount of technology that they talk about in the Mahabharata and a couple of small quotes…there are too many quotes referring to all these technology to put into this thread…there’s loads of sources on the Internet if you’d like to find out more.
Secret Brotherhoods
I’ve also read on many articles (which appear to be copied and pasted from an original source which I have no idea what it is) that allegedly, there are secret brotherhoods which are hording the Vimanas and keeping it a secret from us. Those that know about this are thought to be “exceptionally enlightened” human beings and keep their knowledge away from us. That’s not surprising at all. I mean, they know we’d use it for devastation, for bad purposes as history time and time shows us. If I knew something that could be potentially used to cause death or such, I wouldn’t even utter a word.
Many writers believe that these Brotherhoods keep the Vimanas in caverns in Tibet or in underground bases. The Lop Nor Desert is meant to be a big UFO mystery and that could indeed be a place. Again, there is indeed no evidence for this. Just theories. But this theory must have started somewhere and should have an element of truth. If it’s correct, it’s one great hidden secret.
Slightly deviating I’d quickly like to mention the ‘Nine Unknown Men.’ They are actually probably one of the most famous secret societies thought to exist.The ancient Indians possessed loads of knowledge and I wouldn’t be surprised if this was true. Each of them guarded one book of knowledge…also at this point, I’d further like to say that in my family there’s one particular legend that COULD relate to this. Apparently, some Germans came to visit India…and read these books. Legend has it, they stole it and took it with them…hence the whole engineering phase of Germany and how absolutely amazing it is with its technology.
Anyway back to the NUM. They apparently had to keepsake 1 book each. People say that these books are hidden in a secret library in India/Tibet…or they could be lost…or one or two books could be with the Germans…
The Nine Books
It was said that the each of the Nine had responsibility over one book – guarding it from society and also trying to improve the knowledge in it. This means that each of the Nine had access to the source of this knowledge, were from another planet, or just unbelievably intelligent.
Each book had a different branch of this knowledge. The practices of the disciplines talked about are said to cause the destruction of the world. It is widely accepted that the following subjects were covered:
1) PROPAGANDA AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE – This is a set of messages aimed to influence the opinions and behaviour of large numbers of the people; basically information that influences the audient; allowing a mass opinion. It will allow anyone to govern the world.
Allowing anyone to govern the world. Sounds familiar to anyone? Many people believe in the NWO, Antichrist and so on.
2)PHYSIOLOGY – This is the study of the mechanical, physical and biochemical functions of living organisms. It is well known to hold instructions on how to perform the “touch of death.” (Basically, death is caused by a reversal of the nerve impulse.) The are rumours, true or false, that speak of Judo being leaked from this book.
3) (MICRO)BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY – A myth known very well to the inhabitants of India is that the water of Ganges is holy – special microbes were added to purify the rivers water (the microbes were designed by the Nine). It was said that the microbes were released into the river at a secret base in the Himalayas.
However the thing to be considered is that there are millions of ill, diseased pilgrims. Some with horrific ones. However, they can bathe in there without harming the healthy pilgrims. Rather unusual isn’t it? It has been discovered though, that the strange properties of the water are credited also to the bacteriophages that are contained. I’m not very good with this part of the topic, however isn’t one of the main ways people gain diseases and so on are through human contact? Surely the pathogens would be carried through the water.
4) ALCHEMY (+ TRANSMUTATION OF METALS) - Another major rumour in India is that during times of drought and other natural disasters, it has been said that temples and religious organisations receive large quantities of gold. They do not know who gave it from them. The fact that India has a few gold mines has puzzled many, also due to the large amount of gold given. However, this isn’t to say this is true – it could be a made up rumour to soothe the folks there. Also, we see India as a poor (but rapidly developing) country makes us wonder if there was really gold given to the country.
5) COMMUNTION (+ WITH E-Ts) – It probably indicates how to communicate with E-Ts and maybe new and advanced ways to communicate on Earth.
6) GRAVITATION (VAMINAKA SASTRA) – Many of you should be known to the Vimana. Apparently, this book does contain instructions on how to make one.
7) COSMOLOGY - If you believe in UFOs, one of the main queries is how they can travel so fast. In the 7th book, it describes how to travel at enormous speeds through spacetime fabric – possibly time travel. It seems that intra and inter universal trips are also discussed in this.
In the Indian Puranas, thought to be more than 1200 years old. A speed of the sun is given based on the Rig Veda. That speed is: 2,202 yojanas in half a nimesa. These are given in ancient indian units. Here is a conversion:
A yojanas is 8000 Dhanus/bows and each bow is 6 feet
A nimesa is 16/73 of a second, as deduced from the following in the Purans:
15 nimesa = 1 Kastha
30 Kastha = 1 Kala
30 Kala = 1 Mahutra
30 Malhutra = 1 day and night
If we convert them to their equivalent modern units, where each yojanas is 9 miles and each nimesha is 16/73.3 seconds, substituting it into the speed of the sun by the Rig Veda gives the speed of the sun as 186,536 miles per second which is most definitely not far off.
This means the Rig Veda figure is pretty accurate to the modern figure. This kind of accuracy can only be achieved with laser technology and highly sophisticated measuring equipment. However, this just corroborates what we already know from the Vymanika Shastra, that they did indeed have laser technology.
8) LIGHT - In this, it describes how to increase and decrease the speeds of light, to use it as a weapon and so on. Recently, we’ve seen such things as light being repelled and so on. Maybe we’ll eventually reach this stage? This works quite well with the Darpana Yantras.
9) SOCIOLOGY - The final books contains rules, laws , predictions, in a way on the evolution of societies and how to predict their downfall. This probably is one of the key ones – wouldn’t anyone want to stop fate (considering if this is actually true)?
——————————————————————————————————————-
There’s actually no physical, tangible evidence that some of this is actually true so please bear that in mind. Yet the depth of some of the writing, or the fact it’s even mentioned seems bewildering. For example, who would have come up with a nuclear blast? I mean, we didn’t even know what the effects were until actually testing it out and unfortunately that appeared to occur at Japan. We didn’t know how bad it’d be, or even what it’d look like. The Vimanas as well. Why would they talk about chariots or flying machines? Laser technology? How can one come up with that with no advanced knowledge?
What would have sparked that imagination that seems to protrude from the scriptures? Aliens? Or are these actual feats of intelligence? Or is it just another story contorted as it passed down society?
Bharat Mata, aka Mother India, is home to over 1.2 billion people, with such diversity that is impossible to cover them all. It has a range of languages with every community having their own, they’re not even dialects..they have different meanings to words yet they are all united by the tongue of Hindi. It’s thought that the country has 347 spoken languages. Colours splash on the streets daily, devotees parade down celebrating festivals and there is never a moment where you would be sitting idly. Yet go outside and you can find landscapes ranging from jungles to deserts to mountain regions. It has culture, it has history and it has stupendous beauty.
India was a thriving country and had it not been for the British invasion, I think it would have been one of the most powerful countries already. However, what is rather odd about India are the mysteries surrounding it. What I am to do in this thread is bring just some of them to your eyes, which you’ve probably already met and try to show you that India is just not a country where poverty is seen but it’s rich domain where jewels can be found in the oddest of places.
Welcome to my thread on India. I hope to cover topics ranging from its religion to conspiracies within it. If there’s any questions, free feel to ask. My thread is just one view, the fact is, there isn’t one “right” view when we come to talking about the scriptures so there are many variations.
A Brief Overview of Sacred Scriptures – Shruti and Smriti
Before we get onto the real cover-up, I’d like to give a brief overview to just some of the amazing literature India’s history holds. Many think Hinduism is one of the oldest living religions to still exist. There are elements from it which were part of the religion from the Indus Civilisation which abruptly vanished. Moreover, we have Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism that are closely related to it. Its scriptures are the basis of India and Nepal’s main religion; Hinduism. To me, Hinduism is rather strange compared to other religions. There is no single founder, there is no single set of teachings and there is no single set of teachings which people HAVE to adhere to. For example, you cannot find ‘The Ten Commandments’ like in Christianity…our religion is just based on stories, our interpretation of them and that’s one of the reasons what makes Hinduism so unique. Key figures teach different philosophies and many consider the sacred scriptures to be a ‘way of life’ or a ‘family of religions’ rather than a single religion.
Shruti Literature
The Vedas are part of the Shruti literature which contain revelations, which can be translated to ‘which is heard.’ Many consider the Vedas to be divine in origin and not made by humans. It’s thought that they were composed in the early stages of civilisation, passed down in generations and written around 1500BC. They are thought to be nitya (eternal) and apauruseya (our of this world.) Many Hindus believe in something similar to animism for example, the words written in the Vedas are Brahma Dev himself.
The word ‘Veda’ means wisdom, knowledge. They are the oldest and most authoritative scriptures of Hinduism. Hindus believe that they weren’t composed by anyone but “revealed” to Rishis. The Vedas consist of:
1) Rigveda (written before the Aryans settled in India)
2) Yajurveda
3) Samaveda
4) Atharvaveda
Each of these are then made up of 4 divisions which are separated into:
-Samhita – hymns
-Brahmana – rituals and moral principles
-Aryanyaka – meditations
-Upanishads – records of transcendental experiences
They all address not only the divine gods and goddesses but spiritual entities that exist in our awareness and awake as we progress through the various stages of advancement for Self Realisation. Looking deeper, one can see the descent of specific energies/forces descending into our consciousness from higher worlds.
The truths and principles from the Upanishads were all brought together in the form of sutras. These are known as the ‘Brahma Sutras’ and form the basis of the philosophy system, also known as Vedanta –Darshana. To read more about the Vedantas: http://www.belurmath.org…;
The 4 parts of the Vedas have significance to the four ashramas of life, the 4 stages of life.
1)Brahmacharya – this is the phase of the student.
2)Grihasthashrama – this is phase of the householder. They adult must live a righteous life and work for the preservation of family and society by carrying our righteous deeds.
3)Vanaprastha – At this stage the person leaves his house and properties to the children and go and lead a spiritual life.
4)Sanyasashrama – The final stage where the person renounces all worldly life and spends it in contemplation of God and self.
To read the Vedas, here’s a good place: http://www.hinduwebsite.com…;
You can actually read some verses from the Vedas…just click on the names.
Smriti Literature
Compared to the revelations as written above, the Smriti literature is a product of human intellect where the information is based upon the Vedas and their interpretations of it. Yes, there are law books such as the ‘Dharma Shastras’ which are of 4. Manusmriti is the most popular which is like a guidebook to human conduct, social and religious behaviour. In many of the Dharma Shastras there are rules on groups of individuals such as castes.
Yes, there have been a lot of criticism to it; the caste system, the status of women which is definitely narrow minded, please remember that this doesn’t have the same status as the Vedas and is written by humans….this all came as a by-product of them and their political and social circumstances. These books do not have to be necessarily accepted as final authority on any issue…unlike the Vedas they are not eternal or fallible. There is no caste system in the Vedas nor discrimination between man and women.
Itihasa
Itihasa means history. The Mahbharata and Ramayana are included in this category, which have some very interesting occurrences which I hope to talk about later on in the thread. Another is the well known Bhagavad Gita.
Mahabharata is the story of Pandavas and Kauravas and greed for the political power which led to massive war and destruction of both families, leaving the Pandavas winning only probably because Krishna Bagwaan gave his support to them. It is indeed difficult to read this without coming to terms with the destructive nature of mankind and the dangers of us. The BG describes the message of Krishna Bagwaan to Arjuna on the battlefield in the Mahabharata. However, it’s not just to him but to entire humanity describing words of wisdom to help not only with external battles but battles internally as well. There’s a lot of spiritual truth within it. The Ramayana is the story of Rama and his battle against the demons by Ravana. He abducts Sita and it tells the tale of the rescue her and a quite unique twist at the end.
Puranas
These describe the religious events that happened in the past. They deal with the numerous incarnations of God and the deeds done by them. While the above epics deal with what happened on earth in the past, the Puranas just don’t deal with Gods on earth but on their different planes. There is their own Vedic conception of time which we separate out into 4 stages and we are thought to be in the fourth stage. What is written below is found in the Puranas which is considered to be the fifth Veda.
1) Satya-Yuga: 1,728,000 human years
2) Treta-Yuga: 1,296,000 human years
3) Dvapara-Yuga: 864,000 human years
4) Kali-Yuga: 432,000 human years
The Puranas describe the above four stages. The first one is thought to be the “Golden Age.” There is no such thing as hate nor envy, no such thing as fear….just wisdom and virtue dominate this era. People in this age live for around 100,000 years. The second stage is where the good qualities reduce by a third (though others may say a quarter.) Sacrifices are introduced with people desiring goods, wanting to be rewarded for work. They live now for a maximum for 10,000 years. In the third stage, its good qualities are only a half of what it was in the Treta-Yuga. The Vedas are divided into 4 parts and a minority study them. Sensual desires, diseases and injustice begin to spread and people here live to a maximum of 1000 years. Lastly, we come to the Iron Age, where men are short lived and have less intelligence. The maximum duration is 100 years of human life. Humans are now misled, disturbed and morals and principles are literally not to be seen.
What’s interesting is that as the number of good qualities decrease, the lifespan of the humans decrease. And well, we do rarely live to the age of 100 which have been predicted by scriptures that are written thousands and thousands of years ago. http://www.hinduwebsite.com…;
In the beginning there were only probabilities. The universe could only come into existence if someone observed it. It does not matter that the observers turned up several billion years later. The universe exists because we are aware of it – Martin Rees
How many of us have watched Doctor Who and wished that all those impossible and insane things could become true? I know I’m guilty. But give me a good enough reason why it’s not possible? Think back to Galileo and Einstein. It’s sometimes the most bewildering of ideas that are the most insightful. Worlds where we have doppelgangers, spooky connections between people over incredibly large distances…they could all be true. The notion of the unknown is one that intrigues most of us. We shouldn’t fear and shy away it but rather embrace it. The more we probe into it, the more we look into our basic theories, we’re able to find ways where the impossible can truly become possible.
String theory predicts that we are just one out of the 10^500 universes and we know have a value of how far we need to travel to get to a replica of us. Welcome to Part 4 of ‘The Weird and Wacky World of Physics’ where in this one I shall attempt to explore the possibility of the bizarre and the extraordinary. I’d like to put a little disclaimer…some of the ideas that I present below, okay, well most of them are completely subjective to you and your opinion. They’re not facts.
Parallel Universes This is a war universe. War all the time. That is its nature. There may be other universes based on all sorts of other principles, but ours seems to be based on war and games – William Burroughs
Imagine that every speck of you was mirrored somewhere far far away. Imagine that in this universe you may be a conspiracy theorist and in another, you’re carrying out world domination. Imagine that you’re sitting here possibly reading this article and in another, you’ve just been elected Prime Minister. Just imagine. Coming to terms that we may be not the only planet but not the only universe can be a very difficult thing indeed. But there’s really no reason for that not to be a possibility.
Start counting from one and see where you end up. Will you ever end up at a real finite number? According to most people, the answer is no. Counting to a billion would take you 30 years and trying to count to infinity? I think that is well beyond our average lifetime. Infinity, indeed, is one of the essential mysteries of the universe. When you look deeper into it, you see you’re playing with fire. It has strange paradoxical properties…and yes, parallel universes are just one of them. If there is no end to the world, then there shall be no end to the number of parallel universes, the infinite replicas of Earths.
And where are these copies of us?
If indeed the universe is infinite, which according to NASA it is..we can actually get a distance of how far away our replica is from us. The logic behind it is shown below:
The radius of the observable universe is taken to be 4×1026 m. It is assumed that the matter in the universe consists of nucleons, which has a radius of about 2×10-13 m.
Therefore, the universe has roughly 10118 partitions for the nucleons. These partitions can be filled or unfilled according to the configuration of the universe.
The total number of different arrangements is 210118. A box with a radius of 210118×1026 m ~ 210118 m would exhausts all the possibilities. It contains possibly all kinds of parallel universes.
Beyond that box, universes – including ours – must repeat.
Let’s face it. In an infinite universe, you’re not unique…you’re insignificant.
reviously in my last thread, I mentioned inflation and the whole Pogston scenario. In a multiple amount of versions of the inflationary theory, the burst of inflation, of spatial expansion is not just a one event. In some, it is a repeated event at various locations of the universe. Just like how we think that our universe is the universe, if there were intelligent beings, they would believe that their universe is the universe.
As we all know, that the further you breach into the microscopic level, we start to meet the quantum jitters. These also have a profound effect upon the inflation field. This means that the value of the inflaton field ( if you’ve forgotten about it please go back to the last thread) will undergo these quantum jitters…it’s value moving up and down slightly randomly. Normally we can’t feel the effect of these due to them being so small. However, the maths indicate that the larger the energy an inflaton has, the greater the fluctuations from quantum uncertainty. During inflation, the inflaton’s energy was very high therefore the quantum jitters were very large.
Remember Pogston? (I love that guy.) I showed a scenario where he fell down. Imagine these jitters are similar to tremors so to speak and imagine that there’s just not one Pogston but clones of him. Some of these weak tremors cause lots of Pogston’s to fall down and a few strong tremors cause a few Pogston’s to jump back up. Mind my Paint skills ha:
Now as you can imagine this will cause the “space” around it to be divided in some sort of domains. It is the quantum jitters that cause the inflaton field that determine if the inflaton field falls down the curve, stays high or back up. Quantum jitters tend to decrease the amount of space suffused with high field energy. Inflation tends to increase the amount of space suffused with high field energy. The increase occurs at least as quickly as the decrease in most of the versions of the theory. In others, usually the increase wins over the decrease.
I couldn’t find a decent image on the Internet therefore I decided to scan this from ‘The Hidden Reality’ by Brian Greene. It’s worth mentioning now, if you’re interested by the concept of parallel universes, it’s a great book to read. The darker patches are where the inflaton field has dropped down the slope and where it is lighter, it’s where the inflaton field is high. It is now easy to imagine how these universes can come to be. The universes occur is in the darker grey patches..they are like the holes found in cheese….leaving you with your very own ‘Bubble universe.’
So simply:
I think that image summed it up better than all that I wrote up there ha.
Universes of Max Tegmark
or years and years, those who dared to speak of the idea of other universes were mocked upon so why did our thinking revolutionize so quickly? Since we happened upon M theory which incorporated 11 dimensions and the fact that the Inflationary Big Bang theory indicates that the universe is actually infinite.
The levels that Tegmark believes there to be:
Level I: A generic prediction of cosmological inflation is an infinite ergodic universe, which contains Hubble volumes realizing all initial conditions – including an identical copy of you about 101029 meters away.
Level II: In many models, inflation can produce multiple Level I multiverses that have different effective physical constants, dimensionality and particle content.
Level III: In unitary quantum mechanics, other branches of the wavefunction add nothing qualitatively new, which is ironic given that this quantum parallel universes have historically been the most controversial.
Level IV: Other mathematical structures give different fundamental equations of physics.
“You are now arriving at the end of the universe. Please mind the gap.” Level 1 is based on the idea that inflation causes the universe to be infinite. Cosmologists use the CMB to rule out a finite spherical geometry. The freaky thing is that although the physical laws in the universe are the same yet the different initial conditions cause the environments to be different. Each universe settles down to a specific inflaton field which determines what absurd and unbelievable spectacles that could occur within that universe. Cosmologists believe that our universe is one 100,000, which brings about the estimate that the closest identical copy is 10^10^20m away.
If you thought imagining infinity was hard to stomach, try this in a Level 2 multiverse. Chaotic eternal inflation. Space, in general is stretching and forms “bubbles.” Each of these bubbles is a Level 1 multiverse, making the structure of space fractal on the highest of scales. So far, we believe that are 2 ways these are possible.
1) Symmetry breaking – let me give an example…at one point, we believe that some of the forces unified such as the weak and electromagnetic when the temperature was much more hotter. After a certain temperature, the symmetry was broken and now both forces are distinct and separate.
2) Cycle of birth and death of universes – this one is self explanatory.
A level 3 multiverse has literally the same features as the level 2. These emerge if the fundamental equations of physics, those that determine the behavior of the universe after the supposedly Big Bang, have more than one solution. Different realities we can’t even imagine to perceive. In this universe, there is only one wavefunction. Decoherance occurs which is like a wavefunction collapsing therefore we can’t see Level 3 parallel copies of ourselves but we can see level 1. The existence of a Level 3 depends on one major assumption; that the time evolution of the wave function is unitary. So far, experiments suggest this is true.
A level 4 universe is Tegmark’s own creation. He believes that at this…its maths, meaning that every statement in abstract maths describes different realities and existences. I can’t remember the thread, but there was one on medication and a member’s experience where he experienced something similar. If anyone can find that, it’d be much appreciated!
It’s just the teeniest bit hard to get round your head, no?
Calabi Yau
Scrap the four familiar space-time dimensions and think big. 11 space-time dimensions. They’re thought to be folded down so small that they are practically invisible to us. Mathematically, we are able to fold these dimensions in lots and lots and lots and lots and lots of different ways. Each type of folding results in a different universe, causing the end result to be a possible 10^500 universes. Pretty clever, no? It is. Many physicists believe that this is a flaw in string theory but who says parallel universes are just a work of fiction? They’re limiting their thinking. We don’t know so we can’t assume it to not be a possibility!
The Calabi-Yau manifold is a geometrical construction that helps to show the “folding” of these extra dimensions. A group of mathematicians at Oxford plotted all the known manifold’s topological complexity (how twisted the manifold is) against their Euler number (what mathematicians use to show how the extra dimensions can be compacted.)
It’s a shape of a cone. What the group found that those near the bottom are just like us; the universes generated are quite similar to our very own. What’s even more intriguing is that some of the manifolds near the tip can be transformed into another manifold by changing their shape and structure. This indicates the idea that NO MATTER wherever you are on this little diagram, through various geometric transitions, no matter which manifold in the triangle, you can always trickle down to the manifold at the tip.
Once again, we’re at a crossroad…more questions are brought up than answers fulfilled.
What causes the transitions? Is the universe minimizing something?
It’s possible that the universe is. A feature of the Calabi Yau is that it has ‘handles’ that are related to the Euler numbers. The manifolds at the tip have the smallest number of handles. If the universe somehow removed these handles than add them, it would allow a mechanism to be born where the universe would be driven to the bottom of the cone. A good analogy is that it’s similar to mountain steam that has high potential energy that moves downhill because of gravity until it reaches the sea where the potential energy is low. The problem now is showing that they all trickle down.
I think I’ll leave that to the mathematicians.
Cosmological Constant
Cosmological Constant, Dark Matter and Strings
What’s the difference between 0 and 0.00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001…not much right? But this very tiny difference may just change our books. Deductions that the cosmological constant (the number that determines that amount of dark energy journeying through our space) was 0 have been overthrown. Physicists, time and time again, have suggested that a non-zero cosmological constant might be found one day and if so, it’ll lead to the fact that we’re living in one out of many universes.
The cosmological constant appears to have a very profound link with dark matter and as we’ve seen, it indeed has some links with parallel universes so maybe these three concepts are actually linked together? Dark matter appears to be bustling in our universe, people can detect it yet no one can see it. But what if dark matter does indeed have something to do with parallel universes? Parallel universes are an idea such that there exists other universes which we can’t see as they lay in another dimension. Think back to a metal rod…from far away it seems to have two dimensions, moving up/down or left/right but as you get closer there’s the anti-clockwise and clockwise direction. The same principle applies to the parallel universe.
From what we know, dark matter doesn’t interact strongly and this may because it could exist in 100 universes or so. The same applies to the graviton (the force carrier of gravity). Gravity is the weakest force. String theory suggests that the non-gravitational forces (EM, strong and weak) are open ended strings yet gravity is a closed ended string. This allows the graviton to not only wander from dimension to dimension but universe to universe, causing it to be so weak. This can explain why dark matter exists in halos around galaxies and here’s why:
Gravity is an attractive force, which means that gravity pulls things closer to itself. So two galaxies in two different universes should actually align. And the major part of the other galaxy in parallel universe should be blocked by the galaxy in our universe, so it should look like all the dark matter existed around the galaxy.
Here’s the BBC Horizon Series; Parallel Universes. You can just follow it through, below is Part 1:
Bye Bye Heisenberg
In February 1927, Heisy showed in confidence his Uncertainty Principle to Pauli which would have later shaken the pillars of society. The basis of it is, that we cannot know both the position and the momentum of the particle; it can be one or the other. This also applies to things like time and energy, The sharper one approximation is, the blurrier the other is. So in essence, everything is a probability. Nothing is certain and that brought large implications to the religious society of the era. For those mathematically inclined here is a brief mathematical explanation from MIT.
Below is a copy and paste job…since I believed it’d be much easier for people to understand.
One such pair is position and momentum – essentially a measure of a quantum particle’s movement. If you know a particle’s position x to within a certain accuracy Δx, then the uncertainty Δp on its momentum p is given by the mathematical inequality Δx Δp ≥ ħ/2. Here, ħ is a fixed number of nature known as the reduced Planck constant. This inequality says that, taken together, Δx and Δp cannot undercut ħ/2. So in general, the more we know about where a particle is (the smaller Δx is), the less we can know about where it is (the larger Δp is), and vice versa. This applies to spins and polarisations, energy and time and so on.
The uncertainty principle also applies to other pairs of quantities such as energy and time, and the spins and polarisations of particles in various directions. The energy-time uncertainty relation is the reason why quantum particles can pop out of nothingness and disappear again. As long as the energy, ΔE, they borrow to do that and the time, Δt, for which they hang around don’t bust the uncertainty bound, the fuzzy logic of quantum mechanics remains satisfied.
Yet for how long will Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle stay strong as a rock?
Entanglement is indeed pretty spooky. The theory is that is that there are connections between two objects NO MATTER the distance therefore this means that the states of 2 quantum entities are coupled. Let’s take an example. Let’s use Scrody’s cat’s twin. Poor Fluffles is trapped in a box. We don’t really know if it’s dead or alive, infact it’s both however by opening the box, we collapse one wave function getting one definite answer…in this case it’s dead. So the wave function of it being alive was collapsed by the very act of opening the box. Curiousity indeed did kill the cat. The same thing occurs with quantum entanglement…a wave function collapses to 0 causing the probability of the other to raise to 100.
Entanglement interactions refer to particles that have to travel faster than the speed of light to collapse the wave function of the second particle. Faster than the speed of light did you say? Yep and that’s one of the reasons why Einstein himself described it to be ‘spooky,’ because one particle seems to know what was measured by the other. Two particles no matter the distance KNOW what occurred on the other particle…like telepathy but with particles… Researchers have shown the strength of interactions is a tradeoff. The more influence one has on the system, the more uncertainty there is. And the more you decrease the uncertainty, the less you can steer the measurements, therefore the uncertainty principle puts a limit on the amount of information that an entangled system can hold.
Yet that can know all change. The reason why information that a quantum system is lost is because of entropy. The more you squeeze the entropy of one variable, the more of the other increases. But that’s not always the case. Quantum entanglement has now been shown to have a distinctly weird effect on uncertainty. Imagine two photons are entangled (these are particles which are “packets” of electromagnetic radiation). Entanglement, as I’ve said, shows that although states aren’t really defined until they are measured….measuring one and giving it a definite value will pin down the other state of the particle. Trying to measure this using the normal laws of quantum uncertainty indicates that again it can only be measured to one definite value.
So imagine Gertrude and Jake are measuring these 2 photons. Gertrude uses Heinsy’s uncertainty principle to measure one of the quantities up to a certain limit and obtains a value. She tells Jake which quantity she measured. Jake needs to know find out the result of Gertrude’s measurement as accurately as possible. Simple. Jake just needs to measure the other photon to give the value of Gertrude’s measurement…and it’s even more accurate and even reducing the associated entropy to 0.
At the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada and Science and Tech of China this was experimented…and guess what, it worked! Uncertainty is reduced by increasing entanglement…but there’s always a but. And a big but it is. Although we are able to measure both quantities now to extremely accurate values…we can’t measure both at the same time. This indicates that Heinsy’s principle works up to a certain limit. Within the quantum theory, entanglement helps to break down uncertainty. But zooming out shows that Heinsy is correct…it stops the everyday world in being insane and even the microscopic quantum world.
Bye bye Heinsenberg and meet quantum entanglement.
I ask you both, why did these creators of the world suddenly wake up, after apparently having been asleep from time immemorial? Even if there was then no world, time must still have been passing. Time, I say, and not those periods of time which are measured by the number of nights and days in the course of a year. I admit that these depend upon the circular movement of the world. But from all eternity there has been an infinite time, unmeasurable by any periodical divisions. This we can understand from the analogy of space. But we cannot even conceive that once upon a time there was no time at all. (Cicero)
Is time travel possible? Indeed it is.
Is there any evidence for this? In fact there is.
Are we walking through time now? Hell, yes.
Truth is that you are certainly traveling through time this VERY instant. The light from the stars above you are being reflected into your eyes from BILLIONS of years past. Astronomers are actually observing amazing stellar explosions that occurred thousands of years ago. Not only that, but we are wrapped around with the Big Bang’s remnants; the Cosmic Microwave Background, which scientists believed occurred 13.7 billion years ago. Light contains quanta, “packets” of photons…which can carry information. As space expands, things dilute and cool including photons. But unlike matter, photons don’t slow down when they cool, as they are particles of light, and as we know that light travels at a fixed speed, they always travel at that speed. If the Big Bang is correct, there is thought to be 400 million of these CMB photons racing through every cubic metre of space. Indeed, they are the remnants of something that occurred 13.7 billion years ago which have been travelling through time.
Yes, those are all very well…but let us get onto the raw, nitty gritty stuff, which shows like Doctor Who and Heroes indicate. Travelling forwards and backwards through time, not getting any older, being able to land in any destination you want! If there’s anything you pick up from reading this thread, let it be this:
The ability to control time in both a forward and backwards direction is possible within the laws of our mathematics and physics in several ways. Furthermore, there are government funded research labs around the world which are developing several types of time control technologies.
What is Time?
Time is a mystery…possibly one of the ultimate mysteries. It’s omnipresent yet scientists rarely take the time to reflect upon the nature of it. Some people actually believe that the speed of time is the basis of everything that exists. We all know how to measure time. It’s the tick tocking of a clock, the unfurling of a calendar or maybe the screechy whines of an alarm …but what exactly are we measuring? From this, indeed we learn that time itself is a measurement. It’s all fair and well to go down the path of describing that there are 24 hours in a day, 60 minutes in an hour, 60 seconds in a minute and so on. Yet that is wrong. You’re only telling me what time is measured in…not actually what it is.
Here is 14 different opinions on time:
Time keeps passing yet we can’t actually hold it, study it or prod it. Time is a measured period. Time is of philosophical sense. Time is one of the fundamental quantities. But what actually is time? All we know well, assume, is before the Big Bang, there was no space or time. We have accomplished the fact that space and time are two entities so closely interwoven that to speak of one is to speak of the other…motion affects time (which you’ll see in Special Relativity.) According to these theories, the concept of time depends on the spatial reference frame of the observer, the human perception and the measurement by instruments. Not only that but time will CHANGE…in a few hundred million years a day will be 25hrs…due to tidal friction slowing. It’s absolutely crazy. We perceive time to be an illusion…something not physical.
The Oxford dictionary defines time as ‘the indefinite continued progress of existence and events in the past, present and future.’ A sequence of events is what we define time to be. It’s a product of conscious intelligence. Let me ask you all a question…do animals have a concept of time? They are indeed aware of change, but do birds move from the North to the South because it’s November? Or do they move because temperatures are dropping, food supply is moving to the south and the nights are getting longer? Do they not respond to change based on their ancestors; their instinct which has been modified in to their genes or on their experiences? There are many mysteries to it though…and sometimes I think that time itself is an emergent concept. There’s something that causes time and space…they’re made of something else..that’s probably because I’m influenced by Brian Greene (god, I love that man.) I doubt this century or the next we’ll be able to understand time. It’s befuzzling! The universe always has tricks up its sleeve and I think time is one of it’s predominate ones.
So…what is time?
Beats me.
We don’t actually know for sure.
Is Time Directional? The Arrow of Time
There are loads of theories that describe what time may be or how to interact it. Our conventional view is that time flows in one direction. But of course, theories may be proven wrong
1.Arrow of Time
Time appears to have a direction…yet the majority of laws don’t actually provide this arrow of time. The exceptions include the 2nd law of thermodynamics (spoken below), cosmological arrow of time (which points away from the Big Bang) and the radiative arrow of time(due to light travelling only forwards in time). In particle physics, there is a weak arrow of time (from CPT symmetry).
How does time work? That’s a massive question that has a lot of aspects to it and for that, let us bring entropy into it. This is a concept of ‘disorder’…it measures the ways in which a number of items can arrange themselves. For example, a packet of uncooked spaghetti has low entropy because it has a high disorder. When we chuck it into a pan of boiling water…it becomes tangled and therefore it becomes more disordered and so has higher entropy. We believe that the universe is an isolated system. Energy is conserved within it. So for the universe as a whole, energy is conserved and entropy must always increase. Small regions may experience a slight decrease in it but this is compensated for by other regions heating up and creating more entropy. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy increases with time; things become more disorderly and therefore it is called the ‘Arrow of Time.’ Therefore it is a way to DISTINGUISH the past from the future. Therefore in this case, time is ONE-DIRECTIONAL.
2. Einstein’s Theories of Relativity
Einstein demolished time as an idea of a universal constant. He showed that the past, present and future are not absolutes. That indeed caused one of the largest rifts in science as we know it; the incompatibility of quantum mechanics and general relativity (which can now be solved using string theory). In the relativity theory, (if you want to read more about it..please move on to the second section and then come back here)….time is the fourth dimension, and believe it or not…there is no flow of time. His theories denote that time indeed is multidirectional….they define no real direction for time.
So why we do see only the forward motion of time?
We believe it’s because of the Big Bang. What we know off, it started the universe off with a tremendously high order and a “perfect” state of low entropy. Since the universe runs down through states of increasing disorder…closer to the equilibrium, where there is no flow of energy, the direction is defined.
3. Helical Time
However, contrary to the above, I’d like to briefly touch upon this, since I have indeed seen it numerous times around the board. Some actually believe in a thing called ‘helical’ time…basically its where time moves around and around in circles…and in some respects, it reminds me of Timewave Zero. The only difference here is that in timewave zero…it actually reaches an end point…in helical time…I don’t think it really does?
The idea that time, history repeats itself and can actually be predicted? Well in some ways I can see the logic behind that. Look at processes, nature..and the universe itself…there seem to be endless cycles within it..
Just an example of a model showing time movement; flowing forwards and backwards. Space here is just one axis to show it clearly. The laws of physics don’t explain why time always points to the future. It’s very mysterious why we have an obvious arrow of time. Although no laws restrict it, why does time not reverse?
Wait…What? Time DOESN’T exist?
While browsing the Internet, I came across a few startling articles actually pronouncing the fact that time, itself, doesn’t exist. It’s too much for mind…too much for me to comprehend! From what I’ve been reading, apparently time doesn’t exist, only as our own invention to keep track of changes…there is not a single event or situation where we can imagine a state that has a beginning or an end. Let’s take an example.
We say that, when a child is born, and it starts to breathe on its own, that’s a beginning. Well, there are lots of people who say the beginning was a lot earlier than that! Maybe when the child was conceived was the beginning, or when the couple first met, or when the couple were born. There really is no specific beginning, only a progression of events that led to the present event. Similarly there is no real end; only a series of changes which lead to a re-arrangement of conditions. When someone “dies” they stop breathing and their bodily functions cease, notably not all at once, but each in its own “time”. The physical components change into something else, maybe ashes, or wormfood, or fertilizer. But they go on, in a different form.
But of course, that is a philosophical sense. Scientifically speaking, the problem is that time may not exist at the most fundamental level of physical reality. Let’s take another example:
As Rovelli explains it, in quantum mechanics all particles of matter and energy can also be described as waves. And waves have an unusual property: An infinite number of them can exist in the same location. If time and space are one day shown to consist of quanta, the quanta could all exist piled together in a single dimensionless point. “Space and time in some sense melt in this picture,” says Rovelli. “There is no space anymore. There are just quanta kind of living on top of one another without being immersed in a space.”
As Rovelli describes it, “Time may be an approximate concept that emerges at large scales—a bit like the concept of ‘surface of the water,’ which makes sense macroscopically but which loses a precise sense at the level of the atoms.”
Does kinda work with my thoughts on time (it being a emergent concept) It may be true, it may not…but this is exactly what physics is all about. Finding new ways of thinking about the world, proposing them and seeing if they work.
Methods of Time Travel The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but imagination. – Albert Einstein
Time travel isn’t something we should postulate. It’s happening NOW. Right in front of our very eyes. It holds such fascination to a range of people…and especially because of the countless amounts of books, movies and entertainment on it. What’s interesting in today’s century is that people are no longer speculating that time loops can exist, but are looking at ways to prove they exist, using observations. There are numerous stories on this: Inadvertent Time Travellers which triggered some fascinating responses. Forget Stargate my friends and watch this fantasy actually become a reality.
1. Einstein’s Theories of Relativity The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is at all comprehensible – Albert Einstein
From the beginning, Albert Einstein showed a curiosity, a hunger that could not be satiated. For a man who had been thought to have speech difficulties, quit high school, and failed some college entrance exams…he found one of the most momentous discoveries to date. He answered the most puzzling question of all-time until that second, ‘What happens when you chase a beam of light?’ and then developed two of the greatest theories known to man.
Although Einstein was a scientific nobody when he published these theories, they were read by Max Planck (who at that time was working on black body radiation I believe) and it is perhaps because of his adoption of Einstein’s ideas that were accepted rather than sidelined. Planck saw the beauty in his equations, catapulting him to global fame. If anyone is interested in the papers he wrote, here’s a great project on it:http://www.einstein.caltech.edu/
Special Relativity
In 1905, Albert Einstein showed strange effects happen when things move very quickly. He found that:
1. The laws of physics are the same wherever you are. This means that an experiment carried out in a moving train will give the same results as when it is performed in a lab. Furthermore, if there were no windows on the train and it was moving at a constant speed, there is no experiment that you could do to see whether or not it was actually moving.
2. The speed of light is the same for everyone. The speed of light being the same wherever you are might not seem strange, but think about how we normally experience speeds. A ball thrown on a moving train will have a greater speed than a ball thrown with the same force by someone standing on the platform. This is because the speed of the train is added to that of the ball to give its total speed. But this isn’t the case with light. If you measure the speed of the light produced by torches on a moving train and a stationary platform, you will get the same speed – the speed of the train doesn’t matter. When you measure the speed of light it doesn’t matter if you are moving or stationary, or if the source of the light is moving – the speed is always the same: 300,000,000 metres per second.
What does that imply? Well, put it lightly, watching an object approach light speed (approximately 300,000,000m/s) you will see it become heavier, contract in length and age more slowly. We don’t experience this because the speeds we are travelling at the moment are nothing compared to the speed of light. As we increase how close we are to it, the faster time goes by, the more we age and lengths shorten.
The object or the person moving at that speed WOULD NOT NOTICE either effect, it would just appear so to another view.
From this, Einstein delivered one of the most famous formulas through history:
E = mc²
It’s a way that objects are prevented from passing the light speed barrier. As the mass grows, an object would become infinitely large at light speed itself, making any further acceleration NOT POSSIBLE. And anything with mass cannot reach the speed of light exactly, but only APPROACH is, as the closer it gets the heavier and more difficult to accelerate it becomes.
And fear not; this isn’t JUST a theory. It has indeed been proved. Time dilation expressed the fact that clocks in different moving inertial frames may run at different speeds. This was indeed proved in 1971 by sending 4 identical atomic clocks on scheduled flights twice around the world, 2 flying eastwards and 2 flying westwards. Comparing their times with matched clock on the Earth’s surface in the US, the moving clocks had each lost a fraction of a second compared with the grounded clock…therefore proving special relativity. The equivalence of mass and energy were shocking, as were all the implications for time dilation and mass. Einstein’s special relativity was a radical departure from what had gone before. If you want to read on more about SR..here’s a great place to start:
I thought I’d chuck this into here because it was such a huge, huge part of our scientific history even though it’s not really associated with time travel…got to love this chap..and it just makes the concept of relativity complete. He, Einstein, went even further. He incorporated gravity into his theory of special relativity. He proposed that all space and time communicate the gravitational attractive force through curvature, which revolutionised our view of space and time. It opened up a universe of black holes, worm holes and gravitational lenses. Ninety years ago, on 25 November 1915, Einstein published the gravitational field equations of general relativity, the so-called Einstein equations.
Imagine a person jumping off a tall building, or parachuting from a plane, being accelerated towards the ground by gravity. Einstein realised that in this state of free fall they did not experience gravity. They were weightless. We can recreate the zero gravity conditions of space exactly in this way, by flying a vomit comet (a passenger jet) in a path of a roller coaster. When the plane flies upwards the passengers are glued to their seats as they experience strong forces of gravity. When the plane tips forwards, they plummet downwards and the passengers are released from gravity’s pull and can float in the body of the aircraft.
Einstein recognised that this acceleration was equivalent to the force of gravity. Just as special relativity describes what happens in reference frames, moving at some constant speed relative to one another, gravity was the consequence of being in a reference frame that is accelerating.
After a few more intensive years of work, he came to the conclusion:
The medium that transmits gravity is space itself. Mass causes the space to warp around it. I’d like to further stress and emphasise the fact that it not only distorts space but TIME as well (ever so slightly). It also predicted that the universe is expanding (which it is thought to due to dark matter)
So yes, YOU are causing a very very very small dip in space and time. Don’t you feel so important?
In general relativity theory, the three dimensions of space and one of time are combined into a four dimensional space-grid/metric. Because light speed is fixed, nothing can exceed it, when moving and accelerating it is the space time metric that distorts to maintain the fixed speed of light.
Since 1850, astronomers had been baffled by the behaviour of Mercury. Why? Because it’s orbit didn’t obey Newton’s law, changing by a minute amount. Observations show that there was an error by a width of a pin at 300 paces. Einstein showed that general relativity could account for this because Mercury is quite deep in the gravity field of the sun.
Our star distorts space-time into a gravity well shown below:
As the Sun moves against the background of fixed stars, the positions seem to move slightly…and that is because gravity is bending light. The light appears to come from a different direction.
General Relativity has some major consequences. It arises some incredible possibilities like antigravity (repulsive gravity), Van Stockum dust and wormholes. To read more and about it and find out why it’s so important to us, here’s a great paper to read through: http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/kenny/papers/gr1.html
A race is now underway to find ‘gravitational’ waves…it’s been predicted by general relativity that they are sent out from humongous stellar explosions. It’s quite difficult to detect because gravity is the weakest fundamental force we have. Also, just like the other gauge bosons out there (the force carriers)..we believe there is one for gravity…called the graviton. Very imaginative isn’t it? The first three forces come under the banner of quantum theory. Trying to marry G.R with quantum theory doesn’t seem like it’s going to appear anytime soon..maybe we’re going to have wait until the next century. To further read about relativity..here you go:
http://casa.colorado.edu/~ajsh/sr/sr.shtml Wormholes
Theorists have known about wormholes for over 70 years as Einstein put forward the G.R.T, which allows for the existence of it. I can separate wormholes into 2 categories; microscopic – they may determine the values of all the constants in all the laws of physics and macroscopic – they can provide a very interesting means of travelling backwards in time.
A wormhole may be turned into a time machine by keeping one mouth of the hole fixed with respect to distant stars, while moving the other. Time will flow more slowly at the moving mouth than at the stationary mouth…they will here experience time dilation. They can be further broken into inter-universe or intra-universe…both can exist in the same universe or in different universes.
Problems? Wormholes, if they do exist may be extremely unstable. Stephen Hawking claims that wormholes may exist in quantum foam (thought to be the foundations of the fabric of the universe and it can be used to describe small distances…very, very, very small distances.) At this level, quantum fluctuations occur…things blink in and out of existence abruptly. They may be too small for a human to time travel through. May one day, we could capture and enlarge them? Another problem is thought that it’s very unstable…if any matter, even a single photon attempts to pass through, the wormhole will collapse upon itself. One way around this is thought to be exotic matter.
Wormholes do have some amazing applications though!
The scientists propose other possible applications, such as in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), where a wormhole device could be used to allow doctors to operate on a patient while simultaneously imaging the patient. Doctors could insert metal surgical tools into the tunnel area without disturbing the MRI machine’s magnetic field.
Another example is an optical computer, where active components could be placed inside wormholes such as to not interact with each other and cause malfunctions.
Metamaterials for invisibility, while still in the very early stages of development, are already being researched. Last year, scientists from Duke University created a device that renders a copper disc invisible to observation by microwaves.
Cosmic Strings and CTC
In my previous thread, I mentioned strings. Some scientists have suggested ‘cosmic strings’, the universe itself, is a time machine. Of course this is very hypothetical.
This can be achieved by pulling 2 cosmic strings together or stretching one string close to a block hole to warp enough to create a closed timelike curve (CTC). The object would follow a path where it’ll eventually end at its starting point. It arises from ‘frame dragging’ where a massive object/intense gravitational field moves and “drags” space-time along with it. This then means by using gravity to produce two cosmic strings…a spaceship can theoretically propel itself into the past. It would loop around the cosmic strings.
Quantum Tunnelling
I’ve got to admit. I have no clue what I’m talking about here. Apparently quantum tunnelling is all about mathematics. It’s a wave coupling effect that occurs in quantum mechanics.
With the correct wavelength combined with the proper tunnelling barrier, it is possible to pass the signals faster than light…going backwards in time.
BlackHoles
It’s said that we should be scared of what we can’t see…and indeed it’s true. Getting too close to one of these will mean a lot of pain. Inside a blackhole, the very fabric of the universe is collapsed into a point of infinite curvature’ a space-time singularity where the laws of physics do not apply. Some physicists believe that blackholes may be doorways to wormholes…shortcuts between distant points of the universe, time or even parallel universe.
But surely the journey to the singularity itself is meant to rip you apart?
Of course…but physicists believe that there is one type of blackhole that doesn’t do this..named the Kerr blackhole. A guy named Roy Kerr believed that if stars collapsed into a rotating ring of neutron stars (very very dense stars), their centrifugal force would prevent them from turning into a singularity. Now…that means the blackhole itself would be safe to enter without being torn apart by the infinite gravitation force at its centre.
Tipler Cylinder and Light
Take a piece of material 10xthe mass of the Sun, roll it into a thing, long, dense cylinder and start spinning it to a few billion revolutions per minute. Taaaaaadaaaaaa….you can time travel! The Tipler Cylinder is based upon Einstein’s GR…that a rotation of matter causes a distorting in space-time. This distortion can actually TWIST time around a rotating cylinder. With the right amount of mass and speed, a CTC can be created..and therefore you can time travel.
Recreate this but by using gamma and magnetic fields to warp time. The fields can be used to create circulating light beams to warp/loop time. This twists space…but as shown, space and time have a very close bond and thus we can twist time as well. This is actually being experimented but by using lasers…as you will see below!
Of course, there are many more out there. Below though is just a quick overview on the characteristics of some of these methods:
Although it’s only limited at the moment, this accomplishment is massive. Think about what we could do in a few centuries! It’s mind blowing. To think, we are now developing time control technologies is simply astounding. I’ve just brushed over a FEW methods that we could use. Feel free to research some more on them
Below give some characteristics of methods:
Once confined to fantasy and science fiction, time travel is now simply an engineering problem. – Michio Kaku
The following is left to your own judgement. How much you believe it or not is up to you Well this whole thread is to be fair haha. I didn’t think the governments would actually take this seriously. Apparently they are now funding research on time travel technologies. Below shows some active countries:
Ronald Mallett
The First Time Machine. Ronald Mallet recently showed that a massive spinning neutral particle at the centre of a ring laser exhibits frame dragging, it will “drag” space and time.
Mallett believes he has found a way to make it happen. By trapping light inside a photonic crystal, he can cause it to circulate. The energy of the circulating light will cause the space inside the circle to twist, causing a gravitational force. This concept can be thought of as a spoon stirring a pot. The light is the spoon rotating around the inner rim of the pot. The space is the liquid being swirled by the spoon. As the space twists, it will coil the normally linear passage of time with it, spiralling the past, present, and future together into one continuous loop. It is this twisting of space and time that Mallett believes will make time travel possible.
Mallett and his partner at the University of Connecticut, Dr. Chandra Raychoudhuri, are seeking National Science Foundation funding for experiments that they hope will support their theories. Their first experiment will be to trap light in a crystal and observe the reaction of a neutron inside the circle. Mallett will insert polarized neutrons (neutrons that all spin in one direction) into the centre of the circulating light. If he sees a change in their spin he will know that space is indeed being twisted inside of the crystal. Should this experiment prove successful, the team will apply for funding to conduct studies to see if time bending is evident inside the circle of light.
Dr. Mark Silverman at Trinity College in nearby Hartford has suggested a possible way to see evidence of time bending: Two identical samples of a radioactive substance would be prepared with identical half-lives. One would be introduced into the time machine circulating in the same direction as the light, the other in the opposite direction. If, at the end of the experiment, one sample had decayed further than the other, Mallett’s theories of time travel would be supported.
This project is underway…the only thing with this is the fact that you’ll only be able to time travel back to the place you turned this “machine” on.
The Philadelphia Experiment
One of the most well known stories about secret experiments in time is the Philadelphia Experiment. It’s thought that in 1943 the US Navy was conducting invisibility experiments aboard the USS Eldridge. The aim was to make the ship undetectable to radar. Yet there were rumours that while this was achieved, so was another. The ship itself, was thought to become invisible to the naked eye….it dematerialised in Norfolk Harbour and materialised in Philadelphia Harbour 24 hours later.
Apparently, 21 survived to die later of the 181 crew members, 40 died and 120 never came back…
Here may be a few threads you may want to look at:
http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread171719/pg1 ,u>The Montauk Project
It was said that under the Montauk Air Force Station there was a massive underground complex where a project occurred where it would fine tune the Philadelphia Experiment..and take over where it left off. Furthermore, the conspiracy deepens that apparently the funding comes from Nazi gold, found in a train by USA soldiers. Talks speak off a cover-up where the train was destroyed and the soldiers involved were killed.
Nicola Tesla
Nicola Tesla…one of the greatest inventors to date. Here’s an extract I found which I thought was fascinating:
In my years as a military intelligence operative I came into contact with a number of top-secret programs that were either investigating, or, shockingly enough, actively using technology based on some of Tesla’s “wild” ideas. Both the United States and Russia have active Particle Beam and RF (radio frequency) weaponry that has been in operation since the early 1970′s – all as a result of Tesla’s early 19th and 20th Century experiments. To say that there are other black budget projects involving Tesla-based research would wildly underestimate the total amount of research and development being conducted right now by many countries worldwide. And these are the projects that we know about. Who knows how many deep, dark, secret projects are being conducted right now with science that could be decades, even hundreds of years beyond what civilian science knows today.
In 1895, while conducting research with his step-up transformer, Nikola Tesla had his first indications that time and space could be influenced by using highly charged, rotating magnetic fields. Part of this revelation came about from Tesla’s experimentation with radio frequencies and the transmission of electrical energy through the atmosphere.
With these experiments in high-voltage electricity and magnetic fields, Tesla discovered that time and space could be breached, or warped, creating a “doorway” that could lead to other time frames. But with this monumental discovery, Tesla also discovered, through personal experience, the very real dangers inherent with time travel.Tesla’s first brush with time travel came in March 1895. A reporter for the New York Herald wrote on March 13 that he came across the inventor in a small café, looking shaken after being hit by 3.5 million volts, “I am afraid,” said Tesla, “that you won’t find me a pleasant companion tonight. The fact is I was almost killed today. The spark jumped three feet through the air and struck me here on the right shoulder. If my assistant had not turned off the current instantly in might have been the end of me.”
Tesla, on contact with the resonating electromagnetic charge, found himself outside his time-frame reference. He reported that he could see the immediate past – present and future, all at once. But he was paralyzed within the electromagnetic field, unable to help himself. His assistant, by turning off the current, released Tesla before any permanent damage was done.
A member, pianopraze brought this to my attention, which I thought I might as well share. I’ll leave it to your judgement:
Traces of Time Travelling?
Think about the large amount of objects that we have recovered or things that just don’t seem possible for the age? Could they have not been explained by time travel?
Let me show you some possibilities.
1885, a block of coal was broken open to find a metal cube worked by intelligent hands.
In 1912, employees at an electric plant broke apart a large chunk of coal and found an iron pot.
A nail was found embedded in a sandstone block from Mesozoic Era.
A human fossil print was found in limestone estimated to be 110 million years old.
Please remember, these are just a FEW.
To achieve time travel this would be absolutely incredible. Not only would we be able to travel through space…but TIME! I’ll leave you to think about the possibilities.
What’s unsettling about the ‘Flower of Life’ (FOL) is that it can be found in all over of the world. People all over the world renown the FOL for its proportion, harmony and perfect form. Indeed, it has been termed a symbol of ‘sacred geometry,’ or thought to contain a type of an Akashic Record, to some; it depicts the fundamental forms of space and time and to others, creation itself. Some even go to the lengths to suggest that the complete ancient flower of life is an inter-dimensional tool, a portal, a stargate, a window into what some call the interspace plains.
This thread is a brief outline. Dependant on your views, it may seem like absolute BS but..remember, always have an open mind
It is composed of many evenly-space circles that overlap each other. They arrange to form a flower pattern with a sixfold symmetry. It’s been dated back to 645 BC but I bet you, since so much of our history has been lost..it’s probably waaaaay before then.
Here is the complete version with 2 more layers added:
It doesn’t look to be that amazing does it?
But look carefully. This simple form is very deceptive. Below depicts the platonic solids. These can all be derived from this one pattern. But hey, this is just a bunch of shapes…what’s so special about them? The platonic solids are thought to be the “templates” from which all life springs, they are found in the rudimentary construction of organic life..not just the building blocks of life…but creation itself!
The complete flower contains the 3D metatron cube which holds all Platonic solids.
Fancy Some Sightseeing?
So you all may be thinking…it’s just a shape….it means nothing, it’s all BS. Well, why all this significance in cultures and religions? As I mentioned before..the original symbol, the unifying one; FOL, can be found throughout history in a variety of places:
EGYPT
The Osirion is one of the most famous examples of where the FOL can be found. At the rear of Seti I temple at Abydos:
The arrow indicates where it can be exactly found. Here’s a close up:
And a further close-up:
The following letters can be made out:
θ = Theta
Є = Epsilon
λ = Lamda
Closer inspection shows that the two Greeks words that can be deciphered read: “Theos Nilos”, which means the “God of the Nile.”
“Digamma is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet, used primarily as a Greek numeral.
Its original name is unknown, but was probably (wau). It was later called διγαμμα (digamma — double gamma because of its shape). It is attested in archaic and dialectal ancient Greek inscriptions, and is occasionally used as a symbol in later Greek mathematical texts.
It is also used as the Greek numeral 6. In ancient usage, the numeral had the same form as the letter digamma.”
Digamma, like Upsilon, derives from the Phoenician letter Waw, and in its turn gave rise to the Roman letter F.”
It is clear from the above that the inscription is ancient Greek. I believed first that this occued during Alexander’s invasion in 332 BC, before the beginning of the Roman period in 30BC, when the Greek Ptolemies ruled Egypt. Against this view according to Herbert Weir Smyth in his book Greek Grammar the Digamma “disappeared when Athens adopted the Ionic alphabet in 403 bc. However it disappeared gradually and was still used in Boetia as late as 200 bc.” This implies that it could already have vanished by Alexander’s time.
So if the letter truly is “Digamma” it is quite possible that it was inscribed before the Ptolemaic period. On the present evidence this seems to be very unlikely but if so what other possibility might there be? We can be fairly sure that Pythagoras had a ten year stay in Egypt from around 535bc. Could it have been inscribed by him?
The Alphabet
As you can see these are some runes; some ancient alphabets and these can all be seen in this one mere pattern.
And below are some more, that I’ll leave to your imagination:
INDIA
Believe it or not, it can also be found in another grand civilisation…in India. It’s mainly been found on temples; both Hindu and Buddhist.
“At the entrance of the Baghawan Sri Sathya Sai Baba ashram there is a gate that covers and protects Ganesh’s temple, and the whole gate’s design is made of the Flower of Life symbol! Unfortunately, photography is not allowed.”[/]– By Juan Carlos Toffano, FOL Graduate (Mexico).
Golden Temple at Amritsar
Buddhist Temple, Ajanta
Hampi
ISRAEL
From one of the palaces of King Herod
On a floor of a house near the Library of Celsius
In the city of Ephesus, in Izmir…this is from a sealed off area. The FOL was found on the roof of one of the little houses.
In Istanbul, in the Topkape’s Palace…there’s a room kept where suits are worn by the sultans; Mystic Shirts. They are worn underclothing and have symbols which “protect” the sultan.
BEIJING
DA VINCI
Even DaVinci worked on this:
MASONRY
It contains some Freemasonary’s sacred symbols. Doesn’t it look quite similar to this:
CROP CIRCLES
I’m sure all of you have seen crop circles like below. Again, they all seem to have similar patterns to the FOL, if not from it.
And believe it or not…even on here:
On a Knights Templar tombstone in St Magnus Cathedral….
And here:
These are all just a MINUTE amount of places these have been found in (to see some more: http://www.floweroflife.org…;) and there so so so much more!
A Few Derivations
Not only can the Platonic Solids be derived from this but so can these:
The Fruit of Life is thought to be the “blueprint” of the universe. It’s thought to be the basis for the design of the atom, structure, life and everything in existence.
The Seed of Life: Creation
This symbolises the seven days of creation, and all appear to derive from an octahedron.
This pattern is a geometrical formula which represents the electromagnetic spectrum of light (for further information how this can be done, check out Drunvalo Melchizedek’s book “The Ancient Secret of The Flower of Life Vol.2″) and the first thing that God created was light – “Let there be light”.
The Egg of Life
The shape of the Egg of Life is said to be the shape of a multi-cellular embryo in its first hours of creation.
The fact that this one shape can hold so much is startling! Again, the Egg and Seed are possibilities. If you want to have an idea of what else it symbolises…Wikipedia is a great start: en.wikipedia.org…
A Bit of Physics
It is a UNIFICATION into one thing. You know what else reminds me of unification?
The superstring theory; that all particles, everything we’re made off are actually strings. Just like how all platonic solids are actually a version of the FOL, strings act in the same way but for all matter, antimatter.
This looks quite similar to the FOL. It’s a Calabi-Yau…a manifold in which strings pass through and it determines what way it vibrates, therefore what characteristics it is…what particle it will become.
Imagine the orbits of Venus and Earth…over the time to complete 8 orbits by Earth, 13 orbits for Venus:
(orbit of Earth is cropped out)
Again, this can be seen from the FOL.
A Little Bit of Religion
The complete flower also contains the Kabbalah’s Tree of Life.
Christianity also has a strong link with it. Below depicts the Star of David:
You’ve got the Tripod of Life; symbolising the mind, body and spirit.
Also, you’ve got the Vesica Piscis and the Spherical Octahedron.
This was just something fascinating I came across on the Internet and decided to share it with you guys. It’s rather unsettling how this one symbol is spread out all over the world…why did so many cultures and religions adopt this in their work? Why did so many intelligent men? This little drawing has had a large influence…and I don’t think we’ve been given all to the story here.
So what do you think? Is it a “portal”? Is it a secret symbol that holds the most important and sacred pattern in the universe?
Or is it just meaningless?
Welcome to my 'The Weird and The Wacky'; a research blog. To flick through some of the topics I have covered, make sure you go through 'Categories.' My recreational blog is 'Musings of an Indian Girl' linked underneath this but it's still a work in progress.
If there's any topics that I haven't covered but you'd like me to do so...comment and tell me :) I appreciate all your thoughts and views on things I've written as well so drop some there.
